INCLUSION CRITERIA [General study]

• Chronic pain group:

  • Age above 18
  • Access to a personal smartphone and a stable internet connection
  • Average pain intensity score of greater than 3 in the past week or
  • Average pain interference score of greater than 3 in the past week or
  • Average pain distress score of greater than 3 in the past week
  • Pain duration: greater than 6 months

• Acute pain group:

  • Age above 18

  • Access to a personal smartphone and a stable internet connection

  • Average pain intensity score of greater than 3 in the past week

    ○ or

  • Average pain interference score of greater than 3 in the past week

    ○ or

  • Average pain distress score of greater than 3 in the past week

  • Pain duration: less than 3 months

  • Pain cause: Due to recent surgery, injury, acute illness, or childbirth (within the past 3 months)

• Healthy control group:

  • Age above 18
  • Access to a personal smartphone and a stable internet connection
  • Average pain intensity score of less than 3 in the past week
  • Average pain interference score of less than 3 in the past week
  • Average pain distress score of less than 3 in the past week
  • No surgery, injury, acute illness, or childbirth (within the past 3 months)

• In person EEG testing [Sub-Study only]:

  • Same as in General App Study Above and additionally:
  • Current diagnosis of Fibromyalgia, Chronic Low Back Pain or Failed Back Surgery Syndrome OR
  • No current or prior history of chronic pain
  • If participant has chronic low back pain or failed back surgery syndrome: are they planning to have either a radio-frequency ablation, back surgery, or spinal cord stimulation implant in the next few months
  • If participant has chronic low back pain or failed back surgery syndrome: have they received insurance approval for the procedure?
  • Ok with EEC/ECG measures

EXCLUSION CRITERIA [General study]

• Chronic pain group:

  • recent injury or surgery unrelated to the pain in the past 3 months
  • difficulty participating for technical/logistical issues (e.g., no computer, incompatible smartphone, can't commit to 4 months study participation);
  • Not fluent in English (difficulty understanding questions)
  • Current primary or metastatic cancer (organic cause of pain)

• Acute pain group:

  • History of Chronic Pain (Pain lasting for more than 6 months)
  • difficulty participating for technical/logistical issues (e.g., no computer, incompatible smartphone, can't commit to 4 months study participation);
  • Not fluent in English (difficulty understanding questions)
  • Current primary or metastatic cancer (organic cause of pain)

• Healthy control group:

History of Chronic Pain (Pain lasting for more than 6 months)

• difficulty participating for technical/logistical issues (e.g., no computer, incompatible smartphone, can't commit to 4 months study participation);

• Not fluent in English (difficulty understanding questions)

  -In person EEG testing [Sub-study only]: [will interfere with EEG data collection safety or quality]:

• Same as in General App Study Above and additionally:

• Baldness

• Pregnancy

• Dreadlocks

• Left-handedness

• Use of a wheelchair

• Heart failure diagnosis

• Current or prior experience with acute psychosis or mania

• implanted pacemaker, neurostimulator or any other head or heart implants

• require a hearing aid to hear properly

• claustrophobia

• metal fragments in the body