Inclusion Criteria:

• Trauma patients admitted to the emergency department, presenting with blunt trauma, such as from motor vehicle accidents, falls, or assaults.
• Patients with adequate documentation of anatomical injuries and physiological parameters required for NISS calculation.
• Injury assessment and NISS calculation completed within the first 6 hours of arrival to ensure accuracy and consistency in trauma evaluation.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients under 18 years, pregnant women, or those with pre-existing medical conditions that may alter trauma scoring accuracy or management outcomes.
• Patients presenting with medical emergencies, terminal illnesses, or conditions unrelated to blunt trauma to ensure focus on trauma-specific evaluations.
• Patients declared dead on arrival or who do not receive active treatment in the emergency department.
• Patients or their families refusing participation or withdrawing consent at any stage of the study.
• Patients transferred from or to another facility or those previously treated elsewhere, as this may affect data collection and scoring reliability.