Inclusion Criteria:

The subjects aged 20-85 years, with normal cognitive function and capable of answering related questionnaires who require phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation under topical anaesthesia, are the eligible candidates.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Unable to answer the questions in the dry eye survey.
2. Ocular trauma or ocular surgery in the planned surgical eye, active ocular infection, and obvious abnormalities in ocular surface or eyelid margins other than MGD cause decreased visual acuity other than cataracts.
3. Dry eye signs: Corneal Fluorescein Staining CFS (+) to exclude any corneal abnormalities or epithelial defect
4. Systemic drug use, including tetracycline derivatives, antihistamines, and isotretinoin.
5. Using dry eye medication at screening stage