Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age between 18 and 80 years old.
2. Patients diagnosed with cataracts.
3. Scheduled for cataract surgery with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation under surface anesthesia at National Taiwan University Hospital.
4. No adverse reactions to oral anti-anxiety medication (XANAX).

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Presence of any contraindications for surgery before the procedure.
2. Presence of any contraindications for medication before the procedure.
3. Inability to provide clear and complete answers to relevant questionnaires, or expression of no preoperative anxiety during the outpatient visit, or scores below 21 on the STAI-S or STAI-T assessment.
4. Regular use of anti-anxiety medications, sleeping pills, or analgesics before the procedure.
5. Pregnancy or breastfeeding during the preoperative period.
6. Severe corneal diseases, overripe cataracts, small pupils, or lens dislocation leading to difficulties in conventional surgery.
7. Patients under surface anesthesia who cannot fully cooperate with the surgical procedure.
8. Pregnant or uncertain pregnancy status (women under 55 years old to be verbally asked by research team members).