Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients indicated for surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars according to National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines.

Age between 18 and 40 years.

Impacted mandibular third molars with similar anatomical position and difficulty level as classified by Pell and Gregory and Pederson scoring.

Healthy individuals (ASA I-II) with no significant systemic illness.

Willing to provide written informed consent and attend all follow-up visits (Day 2 and Day 7 post-surgery).

Exclusion Criteria:

• Recent use (within three weeks preoperatively) of anti-inflammatories, corticosteroids, or antibiotics.

Known allergies or hypersensitivity to Aescin, Ibuprofen, rescue medications, or local anesthetics.

Pregnant or lactating women.

Patients with contraindications to NSAIDs (e.g., asthma, bleeding disorders, chronic kidney disease, active peptic ulcer, or cardiovascular disease).

Recent use of substances that may affect surgery or interact with study drugs (e.g., contraceptives, alcohol, or tobacco).

Surgical time exceeding 30 minutes or cases with intraoperative complications requiring non-study medications.