Active Surveillance for Small Thyroid Nodules With Bethesda IV Cytology A Prospective Cohort Study Protocol

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are studying patients with thyroid nodules classified as Bethesda IV and smaller than 2 cm to evaluate an alternative to immediate surgery called active surveillance. This approach aims to reduce the risks, costs, and long-term effects associated with surgery, such as hypothyroidism and nerve damage, while monitoring safety and disease progression. The study will track how many patients experience disease progression or require surgery over a five-year period. Participants will undergo active surveillance involving regular ultrasound scans and clinical check-ups at 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months instead of having immediate surgical removal of the thyroid nodule. This non-surgical approach is designed to observe the nodule for any changes that may indicate the need for surgery while preserving thyroid function and minimizing overtreatment. During the study, participants will have periodic ultrasound imaging and clinical evaluations to monitor their thyroid nodules. Researchers will assess the number of patients who need surgery or show disease progression at 1, 2, and 5 years. Patient safety, feasibility of surveillance, and patient experience will be evaluated throughout the study, which lasts for five years from enrollment to the end of follow-up.

Active Surveillance for Bethesda IV Thyroid Nodules