Evaluating Adding Aprepitant to Prevent Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in High-Risk Outpatient Surgery Patients

What this Trial Is About

Postoperative nausea and vomiting PONV are common and distressing complications following surgery, especially in patients at high risk. They can affect up to 80% of these patients without preventive treatment and often continue after patients return home, impacting recovery and satisfaction. This research aims to evaluate whether adding a 40 mg dose of aprepitant to a standard multimodal prevention strategy improves outcomes in high-risk patients undergoing outpatient surgery. Participants will receive either a single oral capsule of 40 mg aprepitant or a placebo just before being taken to the operating room. Both groups will also receive the usual antiemetic preventive care. This randomized, triple-blind study compares the effects of aprepitant plus standard treatment versus placebo plus standard treatment in preventing PONV after outpatient surgery. During the study, researchers will monitor the absence of nausea, vomiting, or the need for rescue treatment within 48 hours after surgery as the primary outcome. Additional assessments include the severity and frequency of nausea and vomiting at recovery room discharge, 24 hours, and 48 hours post-surgery. The study will also track medical costs, recovery quality, side effects, patient satisfaction, and pain medication use. Participants involvement will last through these monitoring periods to capture relevant data on PONV outcomes and safety.

Adding Aprepitant to a Multimodal Strategy for the Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in High-risk Outpatient Surgical Patients