Diabetic Foot Amputations: A Comprehensive Review of Anesthetic Procedures and Outcomes

What this Trial Is About

Diabetic foot is a serious complication of diabetes that can lead to ulceration, infection, bone damage, and gangrene, often requiring surgical treatment such as amputation or debridement. This research evaluates the impact of different anesthetic methods, specifically peripheral nerve block (PNB) versus general anesthesia, on outcomes after diabetic foot amputation. The study focuses on inpatient data collected retrospectively from 2021 to 2023 to determine if PNB results in fewer postoperative complications and better recovery. Patients who had amputations of the toe, ankle, or foot under different anesthesia types were included. The study compares PNB, which involves injecting anesthetic near specific nerves under ultrasound guidance, with general anesthesia and other regional anesthetics. Data collected includes patient demographics, preoperative medications, comorbid conditions, surgical details, and anesthesia types. The study reviews major complications such as pneumonia, heart attack, stroke, kidney injury, infections, and re-operations. Outcomes also include mortality within 30 days and the length of hospital stay. Participants' medical records are analyzed for demographic and clinical characteristics, medication use, comorbidities, surgical details, and complications. Statistical methods will assess associations between anesthesia and postoperative outcomes, including survival analysis for hospital stay duration and logistic regression adjusting for confounding factors. The primary measure is 30-day mortality after surgery, with secondary measures of morbidity and hospital discharge timing. This retrospective review is based on existing patient data without altering treatment during the study period.

Analyzing Anesthetic Techniques in Diabetic Foot Amputation