Impact of Art-Based Pain Assessment Tool on Pain Communication, Joint Function, and Anxiety in Patients With Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: A Randomized Controlled Trial

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are evaluating how an art-based pain assessment tool, called Artistic Pain Exploration (APE), may improve communication and understanding of pain in adults with early-stage Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD). This randomized controlled trial compares standard care alone to standard care combined with the APE method, aiming to see if the art tool better helps patients express their pain, improves jaw joint function, and reduces anxiety. The study is conducted by King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital and includes adult patients with TMD who do not require surgery. Participants are assigned randomly to either receive routine diagnostic and therapeutic procedures or the same care plus the APE method. The standard care includes clinical exams, pain and anxiety assessments, depression screening, and conservative treatment with medications and lifestyle guidance. The APE method involves showing participants three paintings and guiding a discussion about how the selected image relates to their physical and emotional pain and daily life impact. The study lasts two weeks, with assessments before and after this period. During the study, all participants complete questionnaires measuring anxiety, depression, pain level, and jaw function at baseline and follow-up. Researchers monitor pain understanding, communication, and joint function using patient-reported outcomes and standardized tools. Emotional discomfort or mild anxiety may occur during discussions, and psychiatric support is available if needed. There are no costs to participate, and confidentiality is maintained throughout the study.

Art-Based Pain Assessment Tool in Patients With Temporomandibular Joint Disorders