Evaluation of Salivary Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Macrophage Inflammatory Protein and Interleukin-1β Levels in Individuals With Different Periodontal Conditions

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are investigating the role of specific proteins called cytokines in chronic inflammatory diseases affecting the mouth, specifically focusing on periodontal diseases like gingivitis and periodontitis. This study aims to measure the levels of three cytokines—Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF), Macrophage Inflammatory Protein (MIP)-1α, and Interleukin (IL)-1β—in the saliva of healthy individuals and those with gingivitis or periodontitis. Understanding these levels may help reveal how these proteins contribute to inflammation and disease progression. The study involves 60 systemically healthy adults, divided into three groups: healthy, gingivitis, and periodontitis, each consisting of 20 participants. Full-mouth clinical periodontal measurements will be recorded, and saliva samples will be collected by having participants sit upright and tilt their head forward to allow saliva to accumulate. The saliva samples will be processed and stored at -80ºC until analysis. The cytokine levels will be determined using an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) technique. Participants will undergo initial clinical evaluations including bleeding on probing, probing depth, attachment level, plaque index, and gingival index measurements. Saliva will be collected 24 hours after clinical measurements to assess cytokine levels. Statistical analyses will compare cytokine amounts between groups and examine their relationship with clinical parameters. The study may help identify these cytokines as diagnostic markers or potential targets for future periodontal disease treatments.

Assessment of Salivary GM-CSF, MIP, and IL-1β Levels in Subjects With Varying Periodontal Conditions