Second-Line Treatment Landscape for Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Review.
Nizar M Tannir, Sumanta K Pal, Michael B Atkins
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29487224/Actively Recruiting
Led by Jodi Maranchie · Updated on 2026-07-07
42
Participants Needed
1
Research Sites
N/A
Total Duration
This research aims to estimate the likelihood of an immune response to a combination treatment involving a dendritic cell vaccine and oral cabozantinib in patients with newly diagnosed, localized clear cell renal cell carcinoma ccRCC who are planned for surgical removal of the tumor. The study also seeks to understand the safety profile of this treatment approach. The focus is on how the treatment influences tumor blood vessels and immune cell activation within the tumor. Participants who are HLA-A2 positive will receive the autologous Tumor Blood Vessel Antigen TBVA-Dendritic Cell Vaccine injected into the skin every two weeks for two doses before surgery, along with daily oral cabozantinib 20 mg for 10 days. Surgery to remove the tumor is scheduled around day 31 after starting treatment. Up to 21 additional participants who are HLA-A2 negative will be enrolled as control subjects and will not receive the vaccine or undergo study procedures beyond screening. During the study, participants will be monitored for immune responses, changes in tumor blood vessel structure, and safety outcomes including adverse events for up to 48 months. Assessments include laboratory tests, tissue analysis, and clinical evaluations. The study tracks the reduction in tumor vascularity and normalization markers over time to evaluate treatment effects. Participants will be involved in visits for vaccine administration, daily oral medication, surgery, and long-term follow-up to observe outcomes.
CONDITIONS
Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine in Kidney Cancer
M
Morgan Pokora, RN
J
Jodi Maranchie, MD
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Jodi Maranchie
Lead Sponsor
This table compares participation in this trial with other options available for this condition. The information is drawn from published research and the trial’s study details and is provided for educational purposes only.
| Factors | Vaccine + Cabozantinib (trial) | Cabozantinib alone (trial) | Pembrolizumab (external context) |
|---|---|---|---|
| What it is | A personalized vaccine using a patient’s own dendritic cells targeting tumor blood vessel antigens combined with oral cabozantinib | Oral cabozantinib given alone to participants who are HLA‑A2 negative | Adjuvant pembrolizumab given after surgery is the current standard immunotherapy for high‑risk localized clear‑cell RCC |
| Role in trial | Investigational treatment arm for HLA‑A2 positive participants | Active comparator arm for HLA‑A2 negative participants | Not part of this study; included for comparison to current standard post‑surgical care |
| Primary use | Post‑nephrectomy adjuvant immunomodulatory therapy to stimulate immune response against tumor vasculature | Post‑surgical oral targeted therapy using cabozantinib | Adjuvant immunotherapy to reduce recurrence risk after surgery |
| How it is given | Autologous vaccine created from patient’s blood dendritic cells plus oral cabozantinib tablets | Oral cabozantinib tablets | Intravenous pembrolizumab infusion |
| Evidence status | Immune response probability and safety are being studied; no published outcomes yet | Efficacy data in adjuvant setting not established | Demonstrated disease‑free survival benefit in adjuvant setting |
| Important risks | Safety profile under evaluation; potential risks from vaccine plus cabozantinib unknown | Known TKI‑related risks such as hypertension, diarrhea, fatigue (from metastatic RCC use) | Immune‑mediated side effects such as hypothyroidism, colitis, fatigue |
| Important limitations | No comparative effectiveness data yet; HLA‑A2 requirement limits eligibility; small phase II cohort | Adjuvant benefit in this group is unproven; immune mechanisms not leveraged | Benefit primarily disease‑free survival; not all patients derive benefit; immune side effects possible |
Disclaimer: This comparison is created with the help of artificial intelligence(AI) and may contain errors or missing information. It is not medical advice and does not mean one option is better or safer than another. Clinical trials are still being studied, and joining a trial is your choice. Please consult your healthcare professional before making any decisions.
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Duration - 2 to 4 weeks
Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial.
1 visit (in-person)
Duration - Approximately 31 days
Participants who are HLA-A2 positive receive two doses of the dendritic cell vaccine injected into the skin every two weeks before surgery, along with daily oral cabozantinib for 10 days. Surgery to remove the tumor is scheduled around day 31 after starting treatment.
2 vaccine visits and daily medication for 10 days
Duration - Up to 48 months
Participants are monitored for up to 48 months to assess immune response, safety, and changes in tumor blood vessels. This includes clinical evaluations and laboratory tests.
Regular follow-up visits
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Masking
NONE
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary Purpose
TREATMENT
Number of Arms
2
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Nizar M Tannir, Sumanta K Pal, Michael B Atkins
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29487224/Jodi Maranchie
Lead Sponsor