Azacitidine, Venetoclax, and Gilteritinib in Newly Diagnosed and Relapsed or Refractory FLT3-Mutated AML.
Nicholas J Short, Naval Daver, Courtney D Dinardo...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38277619/Actively Recruiting
Led by M.D. Anderson Cancer Center · Updated on 2026-04-16
97
Participants Needed
1
Research Sites
N/A
Total Duration
Researchers are studying the combination of azacitidine, venetoclax, and gilteritinib in patients with FLT3-mutation positive acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, or high-risk myelodysplastic syndromemyeloproliferative neoplasm that has returned or not responded to treatment. This phase III trial aims to find the best dose and evaluate how well the combination works compared to azacitidine and venetoclax alone. The study also explores genetic factors that may affect treatment response and survival. Participants receive azacitidine through injection under the skin or into a vein for 7 days, venetoclax orally daily for 28 days in the first cycle and for 21 days in later cycles, and gilteritinib orally daily for 28 days. Treatment cycles repeat every 28 days for up to 24 cycles, unless the disease progresses or side effects become unacceptable. The study has a dose-escalation phase to determine the maximum tolerated dose of gilteritinib, followed by a phase II treatment phase. During the study, patients are monitored through regular visits to assess response, side effects, and overall health. Researchers measure outcomes like complete remission rates, minimal residual disease, relapse-free survival, and overall survival over up to 3 years. After treatment ends, patients have follow-up visits at 30 days and every 6 months to continue assessing their condition and safety.
CONDITIONS
Azacitidine, Venetoclax, and Gilteritinib in Treating Patients With Recurrent/Refractory FLT3-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia, or High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome/Myeloproliferative Neoplasm
N
Nicholas Short
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M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
Lead Sponsor
This table compares participation in this trial with other options available for this condition. The information is drawn from published research and the trial’s study details and is provided for educational purposes only.
| Factors | Triplet regimen (investigational) | Current FLT3‑directed therapy |
|---|---|---|
| What it is | Combination of azacitidine, venetoclax and gilteritinib given together in one treatment regimen | Single‑agent gilteritinib approved for relapsed or refractory FLT3‑mutated AML |
| Role in study | Investigational treatment received by all participants in this single‑group early‑phase study | Not part of this trial but represents the usual FLT3‑targeted option outside the study |
| Primary use | Treatment of FLT3‑mutated AML in relapsed/refractory or medically unfit newly diagnosed patients | Approved monotherapy for relapsed or refractory FLT3‑mutated AML |
| How it is given or performed | Azacitidine (hypomethylating agent) plus venetoclax (BCL‑2 inhibitor) and oral gilteritinib (FLT3 inhibitor) combined in treatment cycles | Gilteritinib given alone orally as single agent |
| Evidence status | Phase I/II trial shows high response rates, deep molecular responses, and encouraging survival in both frontline and R/R cohorts | Demonstrated improved survival and remissions compared with salvage chemotherapy in R/R FLT3‑mutated AML |
| Important risks | High rates of infections and febrile neutropenia; significant myelosuppression observed | Known hematologic toxicity and risk of early mortality even with gilteritinib monotherapy |
| Important limitations | Single‑group early‑phase design; lacks randomized comparison and is limited in size and follow‑up | Limited durability and modest survival outcomes; responses may be incomplete or short‑lived |
| Patient impact | High rates of remission and molecular response suggest potential for deeper disease control | Improved survival over chemotherapy but overall outcomes remain modest in this patient group |
Disclaimer: This comparison is created with the help of artificial intelligence(AI) and may contain errors or missing information. It is not medical advice and does not mean one option is better or safer than another. Clinical trials are still being studied, and joining a trial is your choice. Please consult your healthcare professional before making any decisions.
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Duration - 2 to 4 weeks
Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial.
1 visit (in-person)
Duration - Up to 24 cycles of 28 days each
Participants receive azacitidine by subcutaneous or intravenous injection on days 1-7, venetoclax orally daily on days 1-28 of the first cycle and days 1-21 of subsequent cycles, and gilteritinib orally daily on days 1-28. Treatment cycles repeat every 28 days for up to 24 cycles unless there is disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Visits occur with each treatment cycle every 28 days
Duration - Initial follow-up at 30 days post-treatment, then every 6 months thereafter
After completing study treatment, participants are followed up to monitor health status and outcomes.
Follow-up visits at 30 days and every 6 months
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Masking
NONE
Allocation
NA
Model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary Purpose
TREATMENT
Number of Arms
1
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Nicholas J Short, Naval Daver, Courtney D Dinardo...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38277619/Nicholas J Short, Hagop M Kantarjian, Naval G Daver...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42200455/M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
Lead Sponsor