Study of NociceptinOrphanin FQ Receptor Activity and Brain Function in Adults with Current or Past Major Depression

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are studying the role of the NociceptinOrphanin FQ receptor system in the brains of adults aged 18 to 45 with current or past major depressive disorder MDD. The study aims to understand how this receptor system affects decision-making and brain activity related to approach and avoidance behaviors. It also explores stress-related inflammation and neural markers that may predict future depressive symptoms. Participants will undergo functional magnetic resonance imaging fMRI while performing decision-making tasks, as well as resting positron emission tomography PET scans using a special tracer targeting the NociceptinOrphanin FQ receptor. The study includes people with current MDD, those with a history of MDD, and control subjects without neurological or psychiatric illness. An aversive device delivers mild electrical stimulation to the ankle, and blood will be drawn during PET scans to measure relevant biological markers. During the study, participants will complete clinical interviews, behavioral tasks, and multiple questionnaires assessing mood, stress, and quality of life. Biological samples such as saliva and blood will be collected, and imaging data will be analyzed. Follow-up clinical interviews and assessments will occur at 6 and 12 months after PET scans to monitor changes. The study involves detailed tracking of brain function, behavior, and biological signals over time to better understand depression.

Beyond Monoamines: The Role of the Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ Receptor in Major Depression