Evaluating One or Two Doses of Oral Cholera Vaccine for Household Contacts and Neighbors in Cholera Hotspots in Bangladesh

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness of the Case Area Targeted Interventions CATI approach in reducing cholera incidence among household contacts and neighbors within cholera hotspots in Dhaka city. This study focuses on administering the Oral Cholera Vaccine OCV either as a single dose or two doses one month apart, targeting individuals aged 1 year and older who are not pregnant. The study also explores the genome analysis and immune response to V. cholerae antigens in different hotspots. Cholera cases are identified by rapid diagnostic tests among diarrheal patients at icddr,b Dhaka Hospital, and hotspots are defined as households within a 20-40 meter radius around the index cases. Participants are enrolled in clusters averaging 150 individuals per hotspot area on the same day as the index case identification. The intervention involves giving either one dose or two doses of OCV, with children under 5 years receiving two doses 14 days apart per WHO guidelines. Passive surveillance for cholera cases will be conducted through icddr,b hospital and other health facilities throughout the study. Data on individuals infection states, such as susceptible or infectious, will be tracked during a three-year follow-up period. During the trial, participants will be monitored through passive surveillance and data collection on cholera incidence. The primary outcome measured is the number of culture-confirmed V. cholerae cases from enrollment through the three-year follow-up. The study involves signed informed consent, and eligibility criteria include age, pregnancy status, and vaccination history. The trial aims to provide insights into the effectiveness of rapid targeted vaccination in reducing cholera transmission in endemic urban settings.

Cholera Control by Case-area Targeted Interventions (CATIs)