Study Using T Cell Repertoire Technology to Predict Effectiveness of Tislelizumab Plus Chemotherapy for Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are investigating the use of T-cell receptor TCR repertoire technology to predict how well first-line treatment with tislelizumab combined with standard chemotherapy works for patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer ES-SCLC. This prospective observational study aims to better understand the relationship between TCR characteristics and immunotherapy effectiveness, addressing a current gap in knowledge for SCLC compared to other lung cancers. The study plans to enroll 40 patients who have not yet received treatment for ES-SCLC. The study will observe patients receiving first-line treatment with tislelizumab plus standard chemotherapy without altering their care. Researchers will analyze tumor neoantigens alongside T-cell repertoire data and HLA class I information, using a machine learning model called Multimodal-AIR-BERT to predict the TCR repertoire linked to treatment response. This approach seeks to identify biomarkers that could better forecast therapeutic outcomes in ES-SCLC. Participants will be followed from enrollment until disease progression or death, with progression-free survival time as the primary outcome measured up to 24 months. Evaluations include imaging scans to assess tumor lesions and brain metastases status. Throughout the study, patients health status and treatment effects will be monitored to gather data on immunotherapy efficacy. The total observation period will cover at least two years after starting treatment.

Clinical Study on Using TCR to Predict the Effect of Tislelizumab + Chemotherapy in the First-line Treatment of ES-SCLC