Actively Recruiting

Phase Not Applicable
Age: 18Years +
All Genders
ID06579404

An Open-label, Multinational, Multicentre, Randomised Study to Assess the Efficacy, Safety and Utility of Fully Closed-loop Insulin Delivery Compared to Standard Insulin Therapy with CGM in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

Led by University of Cambridge · Updated on 2026-03-13

224

Participants Needed

12

Research Sites

17 weeks

Total Duration

On this page

Sponsors

U

University of Cambridge

Lead Sponsor

U

University of Edinburgh

Collaborating Sponsor

AI-Summary

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness, safety, and usefulness of a fully closed-loop insulin delivery system in adults with type 2 diabetes who use insulin. This study builds on previous research involving closed-loop systems for diabetes management in both hospital and home settings. The trial is open-label, multi-national, and randomized, comparing fully closed-loop insulin delivery to standard insulin therapy with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) over 26 weeks. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: one using the fully closed-loop system, which includes an insulin pump, glucose sensor, and a smartphone app with a control algorithm; the other continuing their usual insulin therapy with a glucose sensor. Both groups will use their assigned treatments at home for 26 weeks following a 2-3 week run-in period with their usual therapy and masked CGM. Training and support will be provided for using study devices, and assessments will take place at 3 months and at the end of the study. During the study, participants will have regular evaluations including blood tests for HbA1c, lipid profiles, kidney and liver function, and measurements of weight, waist-hip ratio, and blood pressure. Glucose control will be monitored continuously by CGM, and human factors such as device use and participant experiences will be assessed through questionnaires and interviews. Safety monitoring will track adverse events, including episodes of severe low blood sugar. The total study duration for each participant is up to 30 weeks.

CONDITIONS

Brief Title

Closed-loop in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

Who Can Participate

Age: 18Years +
All Genders

Eligibility Criteria

Eligible

You may qualify if you...

  • Aged 18 years and older
  • Diagnosed with type 2 diabetes for at least 12 months
  • Established on an SGLT2 inhibitor and/or GLP-1 receptor agonist for at least 3 months, or previously offered these therapies
  • Treated with insulin therapy for at least 6 months
  • HbA1c less than or equal to 15% (140 mmol/mol) from a local laboratory or equivalent
  • Willing to wear study devices and follow study instructions
  • Able to consent to participate in the study
Not Eligible

You will not qualify if you...

  • Diagnosed with type 1 diabetes
  • Currently using an insulin pump
  • Currently using any closed-loop insulin delivery system
  • Any physical or psychological condition or medication likely to interfere with the study or results, as judged by the study clinician
  • Known or suspected allergy to insulin
  • Medically documented allergy to adhesive
  • Pregnancy, planned pregnancy, or breastfeeding
  • Severe visual impairment
  • Severe hearing impairment
  • Serious skin diseases at sites used for glucose sensor placement
  • Abuse of illicit drugs, prescription drugs, or alcohol

AI-Screening

AI-Powered Screening

Complete this quick 3-step screening to check your eligibility

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Your Study Journey

Screening

Duration - 2 to 4 weeks

Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial.

1 visit (in-person)

Baseline Assessment and Run-in Period

Duration - 2 to 3 weeks

Participants undergo baseline evaluation including medical history, physical measurements, blood and urine tests, questionnaires, and wear a masked glucose sensor while using their usual insulin therapy during the run-in period to assess baseline glucose control.

1 visit for baseline assessment and monitoring during run-in period

Treatment

Duration - 26 weeks

Participants are randomised to either use the fully closed-loop insulin delivery system or continue their standard insulin therapy with a glucose sensor. Participants receive training on their assigned intervention and use it at home for 26 weeks.

1 training visit and regular use at home with scheduled study visits

3 Month Study Visit

Duration - 1 day

Participants return for measurements of weight, waist hip ratio, blood pressure, blood tests, review of device data, and questionnaires.

1 in-person visit at 3 months

End of Study Assessments

Duration - 1 day

Final measurements including physical assessments, blood and urine tests, questionnaires, interviews for some participants, return of study devices, and resumption of usual insulin therapy and glucose monitoring.

1 in-person visit at study end

Trial Site Locations

Total: 12 locations

1

University of Melbourne

Melbourne, Australia

Not Yet Recruiting

2

Medical University of Graz

Graz, Austria

Not Yet Recruiting

3

Diabetes Centre, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Prague, Czechia

Not Yet Recruiting

4

CHU de Toulouse

Toulouse, France

Not Yet Recruiting

5

Bern University Hospital

Bern, Switzerland

Not Yet Recruiting

6

Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

Cambridge, United Kingdom

Actively Recruiting

7

Royal Derby Hospital

Derby, United Kingdom

Not Yet Recruiting

8

Leicester Diabetes Centre

Leicester, United Kingdom

Actively Recruiting

9

Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust

London, United Kingdom

Actively Recruiting

10

King's College Hospital, King's College NHS Foundation Trust

London, United Kingdom

Actively Recruiting

11

Manchester Royal Infirmary, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

Manchester, United Kingdom

Not Yet Recruiting

12

Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital

Norwich, United Kingdom

Actively Recruiting

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Research Team

C

Charlotte K Boughton, PhD

A

Angel Tseung

How is the study designed?

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Masking

NONE

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Model

PARALLEL

Primary Purpose

TREATMENT

Number of Arms

2

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Published Research Related To This Trial

Assessing the efficacy, safety and utility of fully closed-loop insulin delivery compared to standard insulin therapy with a continuous glucose monitor in adults with type 2 diabetes (COYOTE study): a randomised parallel study protocol.

R Seese, C K Boughton, F T Tseung...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42156154