Comparing Fentanyl and Dexmedetomidine with Bupivacaine for Pain Relief After Knee Surgery Using Combined IPACK and Adductor Canal Blocks

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are comparing the pain-relieving effects of fentanyl versus dexmedetomidine when added to bupivacaine during combined IPACK and adductor canal blocks in patients undergoing knee surgeries. The study focuses on managing pain after total knee arthroplasty and similar elective unilateral knee operations. It aims to evaluate the amount of additional pain medication needed, pain scores at rest and during movement, time until first rescue analgesia, side effects, hospital stay length, and overall patient satisfaction. Participants are randomly assigned to one of three groups a control group receiving bupivacaine with saline, a fentanyl group receiving bupivacaine with fentanyl, or a dexmedetomidine group receiving bupivacaine with dexmedetomidine. Each patient will receive ultrasound-guided combined IPACK and adductor canal blocks with two syringes containing the specified mixtures. The study treatments are administered during the surgery period. During the 48 hours after surgery, researchers will track the total use of rescue pain medication tramadol, assess pain levels at several time points including upon arrival to recovery and up to 48 hours post-op, and record any adverse events such as hematoma or nausea. Patients will also rate their satisfaction with pain relief using a five-point scale. Hospital stay duration and timing for the first request for additional analgesia will be measured. The study participation spans the immediate postoperative phase with close monitoring.

Comparison Between Fentanyl and Dexmedetomidine As Adjuvant to Bupivacaine in Combined IPACK and Adductor Canal Block for Postoperative Analgesia After Knee Surgeries