Comparison of Protraction Facemask and Upper Partial Fixed Appliance for Correcting Underbite in Growing Children with Class III Malocclusion

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness of two orthodontic treatments—the protraction facemask and the upper partial fixed appliance—in correcting anterior crossbite in children aged 7 to 10 years with class III malocclusion. The study aims to compare success rates in correcting the crossbite, differences in dental, skeletal, and soft tissue outcomes, patient perceptions of each treatment, and the incidence of any adverse effects or appliance breakages. Participants are randomly assigned to receive either the protraction facemask combined with rapid maxillary expansion or the upper partial fixed appliance. The protraction facemask includes a forehead and chin pad connected by a steel rod, worn with elastics for 14 to 16 hours daily, typically at night, while the upper partial fixed appliance uses specific brackets, molar bands, and archwires to correct the bite. Treatment lasts approximately 6 to 9 months with checkups every six weeks. Before treatment, study models and lateral cephalometric X-rays are taken to assess skeletal and soft tissue structures. Participants will complete a Child Perceptions Questionnaire at four points: before treatment, and at 3, 6, and 9 months into treatment, to capture their experiences. Researchers will monitor skeletal, dental, and soft tissue changes from treatment start to end. After treatment, appliances are removed without retainers, as corrected overjet is considered stable. The entire study includes assessments, treatments, and follow-ups over about 9 months.

Comparison Between Protraction Facemask and Upper Braces for Underbite Correction in Growing Children