Amino Acid Metabolism Disorder

The duration of treatment with GPB in this study was 5 years. Forty participants aged 0-18 years with a diagnosis of UCD, including carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I deficiency, ornithine carbamoyltransferase deficiency, citrullinemia type I, argininosuccinic aciduria, argininemia, or hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria (HHH) syndrome, and who plan to use and have not used glycerol phenylbutyrate in the previous 3 months (including 3 months) were enrolled. Participants should return to clinic visits at 1 month and 3 months after enrollment. They were queried about any adverse events (AEs), dosage change of the study drug or hyperammonemic crises (HACs) that occurred since the last visit, and blood samples were collected for the analysis of ammonia and blood biochemistry. Then the detailed information on AEs, dosage change of the study drug, HACs, and data about ammonia, routine clinical laboratory safety tests and neurocognitive outcomes that have been actually completed in the clinical practice of the patients will be collected every 6 months until 5 years. Height, weight and/or head circumference data were also collected at each visit. The assessments would be conducted at 1, 3, and 6 months, and subsequently on a semi-annual basis. The evaluation of ammonia levels, frequency of HACs, dosage of the study drug, AEs, serious AEs, and concomitant medications were included. The neurocognitive outcomes, growth and development of the participants would be described at the end.

The GENESIS study is a multicenter, prospective, non-interventional, clinical study with a target of 12,000 subjects and an anticipated total duration of 36 months. The aim of study GENESIS is to provide a pilot map of HLA genetic variation in the Greek population in order to be used in medical research and for possible clinical applications (evaluation of possible correlations with selected underlying diseases). During the study, each subject will conduct one visit to the participating cite, in which they will provide: 1. Demographic information \[i.e. date of birth, gender, race, ancestry (including information about the subject's grandparents' birthplace), height, weight\], 2. Other information about smoking/vaping, alcohol consumption, arterial blood pressure, diagnosed diseases (if any), current treatments (if any), and 3. Recent (up to 12 months prior to sample collection) results if/when are available from clinical lab tests such as blood count (Hct, Hb, RBC, WBC, PLT count), including a metabolic panel, liver enzymes and biochemical parameters (Glu, HbA1c, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, ALT, AST, ALP, γGT, bilirubin, LDH, insulin, C-peptide). Upon completion of the data registry, two buccal swabs will be collected per subject and they will be stored at ALTP premises until their shipment to Galatea.Bio. All buccal swab samples will be subjected to genetic material (DNA) extraction. The DNA samples will be further proceeded for HLA genotyping analysis. A follow up analysis will be performed in selected DNA samples via full low-pass whole genome sequencing (LP-WGS), which aims to further investigate the association between the HLA region and autoimmune diseases. Upon completion of the analysis, an individualized ancestry report will be securely made available to all study subjects which they can access, as and if they elect to.

This randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled study will evaluate the efficacy of Diaberine, a berberine-based nutraceutical, in aiding blood sugar regulation and metabolism in 80 participants over 24 weeks.

Women prescribed pegvaliase by their healthcare provider (HCP) who become pregnant during treatment may decide to participate in the study and enroll via a centralized call center model. Upon consent, data will be collected from the patient's HCP(s) retrospectively for at least 3 months prior to Last Menstrual Period (LMP). Data will be collected during pregnancy and throughout the infant's first year of life. Pegvaliase exposure will be recorded during pregnancy and breastfeeding including exposure during each trimester of pregnancy. Duration of individual subject participation will be up to approximately 21 months.

This is a 10-year multi-center, prospective, longitudinal, single arm study evaluating immunologic, inflammatory and laboratory parameters associated with long-term Palynziq treatment in subjects with phenylketonuria (PKU) in the United States (US). Subjects in the US for whom a clinical decision has been made that they will receive pegvaliase to treat their PKU within 30 days following the date of enrollment in Study 165-501 (incident-users) or who have previously started treatment with pegvaliase at the date of enrollment in Study 165-501 (prevalent-users) are eligible for participation in Study 165-503. Subjects participating in the 165-501 study who consent to participate in this study (165-503) will be requested to provide pre-dose blood samples for Phe, immunologic and inflammatory marker testing approximately every 3 months for the first 3 years of participation, then every 6 months for the remainder of the study. Subjects will be requested to provide additional pre-dose blood samples at the time of Study 165-501 -protocol defined safety events. Additional pre-dose samples will be drawn as per standard of care as detailed in protocol 165-501. The blood Phe, immunologic (PAL IgG, PEG IgG, PEG IgM, anti-pegvaliase IgE), and inflammatory (C3/C4, hsCRP) markers, will be sent to a central laboratory for processing. Data collected in the 165-501 study will be combined with the data collected in this study to decrease burden on sites for data entry and to avoid duplication of ADR reporting (see Criteria for Evaluation). The combined data will be reported in the Clinical Study Report for this study. Subjects can withdraw from Study 165-503 and remain on Study 165-501, but they cannot withdraw from Study 165-501 and remain on Study 165-503 as safety events and other data-points are collected in Study 165-501.

This is a 10-year multi-center, global, observational study to further characterize the safety profile of pegvaliase, including hypersensitivity reactions, long-term safety and tolerability, and the effectiveness of the aRMMs (EU only) in subjects receiving pegvaliase for the treatment of PKU. Subjects for whom a clinical decision has been made that they will receive pegvaliase to treat their PKU within 30 days following the date of enrollment (incident-users) or have previously started treatment with pegvaliase at the date of enrollment (prevalent-users) are eligible for participation in this study. Once the subject has been enrolled, the investigator (ie, subject's primary physician) will be asked to provide information about the subject's medical history, treatment(s) received to manage their blood Phe levels, treatment with pegvaliase, and concomitant medication use. The investigator will also be asked to provide evaluation of the following safety concerns: Acute systemic hypersensitivity reaction, Anaphylaxis, Angioedema, Serum sickness, Severe hypersensitivity reaction, Severe or Persistent arthralgia, Severe injection site reaction, Hypophenylalaninemia and other protocol-defined safety events, following the initiation of pegvaliase therapy. There are no protocol-mandated visits or procedures associated with this study. Enrolled subjects should be followed per routine clinical practice at the institution based upon their diagnosis, with clinical outcomes assessed at regular intervals (typically every month during the induction and titration phases of pegvaliase treatment and every 6 months once the maintenance phase is reached). No experimental treatment or assessments are planned as part of this observational study. An Independent Adjudication Committee (IAC) will periodically review protocol-defined safety events, including Acute systemic hypersensitivity reaction and Serum sickness.

GNR-055 is intended for ERT in patient with Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II), or Hunter syndrome. MPS II is a recessive X-linked inheritance lysosomal storage disease, which is characterized by a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme iduronate-2-sulfatase (ID2S), caused by a mutation in the ID2S gene. Enzyme deficiency leads to the accumulation of Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) (mainly of heparan and dermatan sulfates) in lysosomes of almost all types of cells of various tissues and organs. The disease is manifested by growth retardation, damage of many organs and systems, severe deformations of bones and joints, gross facial features, pathology of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, damage to parenchymal organs (hepatosplenomegaly), and hearing impairment. A severe form of the disease occurs with the involvement of the nervous system in the pathological process, including mental retardation, behavior anomalies, and impaired motor function. GNR-055 is a recombinant modified ID2S capable to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and thus expected to prevent neurodegenerative consequences and the cognitive deficit and to attain a significant improvement in the life quality and expectancy of patients with MPS II. Study IDB-MPS-II-III is a multicenter, open-label, multi-cohort study to assess safety, PK and PD, and efficacy of GNR-055 in patients of different age groups with MPS II (Hunter syndrome).

Study Description: This study will examine the relationships between comprehensively measured resting energy expenditure (REE), body composition, and body surface area (BSA) in a wide range of healthy and diseased individuals. Objectives: Primary Objectives: * To compare estimated and measured BSA. * To determine if measured BSA is associated with REE independent of body composition measures Endpoints: Primary Endpoints: * Mean difference and limits of agreement at baseline between measured BSA and predicted BSA calculated from traditional biometrics such as height and weight. * Increase in R\^2 when measured BSA is added to equations predicting REE.

Study Description: This study will explore the natural history and mechanisms of novel or known but incompletely characterized disorders of pyrimidine and purine metabolism (DPPMs). Eligible participants will be ascertained by identifying biochemical abnormalities in the levels of purines, pyrimidines and related compounds in body fluids, abnormal activity of enzymes, and/or identifying pathogenic variants in genes linked to purines and pyrimidine metabolism. We will collect participants DNA for genetic and genomic analyses, body fluids for biochemical analysis, blood and tissue samples for enzyme analysis, gastrointestinal samples for microbiome analysis. Some participants may undergo skin biopsy. Study subjects will be offered medical, laboratory, and imaging studies at the NIH Clinical Research Center consistent with the standards of care. Collected data will be analyzed to improve understanding of the natural history, develop statistical prediction models, identify and validate novel biomarkers. Objectives: Primary Objective: To describe features of novel and poorly characterized DPPMs. Secondary Objectives: To identify genomic, clinical, pharmacological, laboratory, and dietary factors associated with variable outcomes in subjects affected by DPPMs. Endpoints: Primary Endpoint: Identify genomic variants, laboratory parameters, image findings, microbiome variables, nutritional and medication history of DPPMs. Secondary Endpoints: Identify disease parameters associated with variable clinical outcomes (e.g., frequency of hospitalizations, survival, quality of life, function).

The goal of this Phase 2, randomized study is to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of oral JNT-517 in adolescents (12 to less than 18 years of age) with PKU. Participants will receive either JNT-517 or placebo and will be blinded to their treatment assignment. Participants will have a 4 in 5 (or 80%) chance of receiving JNT-517. The study will last for up to 63 days including a Screening period, Treatment period and Follow-up period for safety. Participants will: * Take 75 mg JNT-517 or a placebo BID (2x per day) for 28 days * Visit the clinic or have a mobile health nurse visit your home for checkups and tests * Collect urine sample at home and bring to clinic on specified days * Keep a food diary 3 days before each study visit