Bronchitis

Smoking negatively affects many organs and gradually worsens health, especially lung function. It causes mild airway obstruction and slows lung growth, impacting breathing and overall quality of life. This study evaluates balloon-blowing exercises combined with abdominal and lumbar core muscle activation positions to see if they can improve lung function and quality of life in smokers. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups one will perform balloon-blowing exercises with abdominal and lumbar core muscle activation three times a week for four weeks, supervised by a physical therapist. The other group will perform diaphragmatic breathing exercises with the same frequency and duration. Both interventions last four weeks, with measurements taken before and after. Participants will undergo evaluations of lung function including forced vital capacity FVC, forced expiratory volume in one second FEV1, peak expiratory flow PEF, dyspnea levels, oxygen saturation, and quality of life assessments. These measures will be collected at the start and end of the four-week period to monitor changes and effects of the exercises on respiratory health.

Researchers are evaluating the effects of inhaled nitroglycerin on improving respiratory function in patients with late-stage Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease COPD, especially those experiencing respiratory failure and pulmonary hypertension. The study aims to investigate how this treatment may help by dilating pulmonary arteries to reduce ventilationperfusion mismatch and improve antibiotic delivery to the lungs. This trial is sponsored by Beni-Suef University and includes patients admitted to adult intensive care units. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group will receive the standard treatment for COPD exacerbation, including antibiotics, corticosteroids, and bronchodilators. The other group will receive inhaled nitroglycerin in addition to the standard treatment. The study is designed as a phase 2 and phase 3 trial, with no blinding, and will monitor the effects over several days. During the study, participants will be closely monitored for changes in pulmonary function five days after starting the inhaled nitroglycerin. Researchers will also track the number of days on mechanical ventilation, the dose of vasopressor therapy, reduction in white blood cell count, and mortality rate up to ten days after treatment begins. The study aims to understand the treatments impact on respiratory failure in COPD patients and will continue until December 2025.

This study evaluates whether a mobile phone-based mHealth Behavioural Change Communication BCC educational intervention can improve the adoption and exclusive use of Liquid Petroleum Gas LPG for cooking among households in semi-rural Bangladesh. Household air pollutants HAP from biomass fuels such as wood, agricultural residue, and cow dung expose almost 3 billion people worldwide, including 89% of people in Bangladesh. In the earlier GEOHealth study, 24 months of LPG use reduced personal PM2.5 exposure by about 58.2% and produced changes in innate immune and inflammatory responses, while chronic cardio-pulmonary markers remained relatively stable. More than 70% of households continued using LPG after the earlier study, although not exclusively. The investigators will conduct a large household-level randomized controlled trial using an mHealth-based educational intervention and will continue following the cohort. The study will examine the long-term effects of HAP reduction on subclinical measures of cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction, innate and inflammatory immune function, and antibody response to vaccines. Personal 24-hour and area-wise 5-day exposure to PM2.5 and black carbon will be repeatedly assessed before and after the intervention. Lung function and lung pathology will be assessed using spirometry, Chest X-ray, and high-resolution computed tomography of the chest. Cardiovascular measures will include blood pressure and EKG, while metabolic dysfunction will be assessed using HbA1c and fasting lipid profile. Immune function will be evaluated through immune cell phenotyping, functional cytotoxic killer cells, and oxidative stress of lymphocytes.

Researchers are evaluating how a 12-week daily inhaler therapy combining fluticasone furoate, umeclidinium, and vilanterol affects adults aged 50 to 85 with moderate to severe COPD. The study includes equal numbers of males and females with persistent symptoms and compares those at low and high risk of COPD flare-ups. It aims to understand if this triple therapy improves lung ventilation as measured by 129-Xenon MRI and how this relates to lung function tests. Participants will use a single Ellipta inhaler containing the three medications once daily for 12 weeks, with an optional additional 48 weeks of treatment. They will attend two main visits at baseline and after 12 weeks, with an optional third visit at 48 weeks to assess longer-term effects. The study observes participants responses during and after therapy. During visits, participants undergo various lung function tests including spirometry, plethysmography, oscillometry, and exhaled nitric oxide measurement. They will have 129-Xe MRI scans and chest CT scans before and after bronchodilator use. Questionnaires assessing respiratory symptoms, health status, and exertion are completed, along with a blood draw for inflammatory markers. Researchers measure ventilation defect percentage and lung function changes to evaluate therapy effects over time.

This NIH-sponsored study aims to characterize three biomarkers derived from 129Xe gas exchange MRI and understand how they change in response to interventions. The study focuses on markers derived from the interaction of 129Xe with pulmonary capillary red blood cells RBCs, specifically RBC transfer MRI, cardiogenic oscillations in 129Xe-RBC signal amplitude, and the 129Xe-RBC chemical shift. The study population includes healthy volunteers, patients scheduled to undergo transfusion or phlebotomy, patients with dyspnea, interstitial lung disease ILD, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis IPF, non-specific interstitial pneumonias NSIP, chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis cHP, sarcoid, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension CTEPH, and acute pulmonary embolism.

Researchers are studying how blood flow to muscles is controlled and how this changes with age and certain diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD, sepsis, pulmonary hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. The study focuses on four key pathways that affect blood vessel constriction and dilation Angiotensin-II, Endothelin-1, Nitric Oxide, and oxidative stress. The goal is to better understand how these pathways contribute to reduced blood flow during exercise and whether these changes can be improved. Participants will receive various treatments including exercise tests and drugs that affect blood vessel function, such as Nitric Oxide blockers, antioxidants, receptor antagonists, and other vasoactive agents. These treatments will be given through catheter placements for measurements and infusions. Different groups include healthy young adults, older adults, and patients with conditions like COPD, pulmonary arterial hypertension, heart failure, and hypertension. The study will also evaluate effects before and after exercise training. During the study, participants will undergo tests such as maximum exercise capacity, measurements of blood flow, blood pressure, muscle metabolism, and muscle fatigue using advanced imaging techniques like Nuclear Magnetic Resonance NMR. Researchers will monitor changes in limb blood flow and other outcomes at baseline and one hour after treatments. The study aims to provide detailed insight into how vascular function changes with age and disease and how it responds to various interventions over time.

Researchers are evaluating BLU-5937, an oral drug, in adults with refractory chronic cough, including unexplained chronic cough, in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 3 study. The main goal is to assess how BLU-5937 affects 24-hour cough frequency over 24 weeks. This study also monitors safety by tracking adverse events and changes in various health parameters during the treatment period. Participants are randomly assigned to one of three groups BLU-5937 25 mg twice daily, BLU-5937 50 mg twice daily, or a matching placebo taken twice daily. The treatment lasts for 24 weeks, and participants receive their assigned oral medication regularly throughout this time. The study uses a parallel-arm design and includes an extension in China. During the study, participants undergo assessments including cough frequency measurement, vital signs, blood tests for hormones and chemistry, hematology, and ECGs at baseline and Week 24. Researchers also evaluate cough severity and quality of life using questionnaires. Safety is closely monitored by recording adverse events, treatment discontinuations, and laboratory changes. The total participation duration is 24 weeks, with follow-up assessments at specified intervals.

Researchers are investigating the effects of inhaled nitric oxide iNO on exercise capacity and safety in people with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD. The study evaluates two doses of iNO, 10 parts per million ppm and 40 ppm, each administered for at least 2 hours daily over one week. This research aims to find safe and effective treatment methods for COPD, focusing on lung function and exercise performance. Participants are randomly assigned to one of three groups inhaled nitric oxide at 10 ppm, inhaled nitric oxide at 40 ppm, or a placebo treatment using air. Each treatment is inhaled for at least 2 hours per day for 7 consecutive days. The iNO is delivered through a specialized system that ensures a constant concentration during inhalation. The placebo group inhales air with 21% oxygen, mimicking the treatment process without active nitric oxide. During the study, participants undergo cardiopulmonary exercise tests measuring oxygen uptake, ventilation efficiency, and breathlessness scores at the start and end of the 7-day treatment period. Lung function tests, symptom questionnaires, a six-minute walk test, and safety monitoring for adverse events are also performed. The study tracks changes from baseline to day 7 to assess the impact of the treatments on exercise capacity and respiratory health.

Researchers are evaluating inhaled nitric oxide to understand its effects on exercise tolerance and safety in people with moderate-to-severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease COPD. This study aims to help develop better treatment options for managing COPD symptoms and improving patient outcomes. The trial is sponsored by Novlead Inc. and does not involve a specific drug phase classification. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive inhaled nitric oxide at either 10 parts per million ppm or 40 ppm. Each participant will inhale the gas for at least 2 hours each day over a period of 7 consecutive days. The nitric oxide is delivered using a specialized device that controls the concentration of gas inhaled through the breathing apparatus. During the study, participants will be closely monitored with various tests and assessments. These include measuring changes in oxygen uptake, breathing efficiency, perceived exertion, lung function, walking distance, and COPD symptom scores, all recorded at the beginning and end of the 7-day treatment period. Safety and treatment effects will be assessed throughout, with the total participation lasting just over one week.

Researchers are evaluating the safety, tolerability, and how the body processes TQC3302 inhalation spray in healthy adults between 18 and 55 years old. This Phase 1 clinical study uses both a single-center, open-label design and a randomized three-sequence, three-period crossover design for different groups. The study focuses on measuring adverse events and drug levels in the body after single and multiple inhalations of TQC3302 and comparator inhalation sprays in healthy participants. Participants receive single doses or multiple doses of TQC3302 inhalation spray alone or combined with other inhaled drugs like Tiotropium bromide and olodaterol hydrochloride inhalation spray or Budesonide Powder for Inhalation. Different dosing schedules cover single doses during days 1 to 7 and two doses during this period. The study groups are randomized to receive these treatments in various sequences to compare safety and pharmacokinetic profiles. During the study, participants undergo detailed safety assessments including monitoring for side effects up to day 14 after dosing. Blood samples are collected at multiple time points to measure drug concentrations and pharmacokinetic parameters like peak concentration, clearance, and half-life. The study also includes physical exams, lung function tests, laboratory tests, chest X-rays, and ultrasound evaluations during screening. The total participation spans from screening through follow-up visits up to 14 days after the last dose.