Cost-Effectiveness

Increasing fruit and vegetable (FV) intake, and reducing saturated fat, salt, and added sugar are central lifestyle recommendations in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans to prevent chronic disease. Yet, while diet is modifiable, numerous barriers exist for lower-resourced families to engage in healthy dietary behaviors. In particular, rural families face structural and systemic inequities, such as inadequate access to affordable healthy food. Thus, this project, PhytoRx Families, an innovative produce prescription (Prx) program, will address health disparities in rural North Carolina (NC). This project will pilot test and explore the impact of PhytoRx Families (PhtyoRxF) on nutrition-related outcomes. This study will define impact on FV intake using the ASA24 dietary recall (primary outcome) among n=30 adults and school-aged children (adult-child dyads; children 8-14 year olds, 2nd-9th grade). The study will also explore the impact of PhytoRxF on cardiovascular health-related outcomes (blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), height, weight (BMI calculated)). Finally the study will examine the change in healthcare utilization among PhytoRxF participants.

This is an open label phase 1b trial of QX1206 in patients with T2DM and with NAFLD. Laboratory tests and other measurements will be assessed prior to the first dose of study treatment and throughout the study to determine the recommended phase 2 dose. In addition, the preliminary effects of QX1206 on antidiabetic activity and other metabolic parameters will also be evaluated.

20 Wayne State University (WSU)/Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) oncology care providers (e.g., medical oncologists, nurses, social workers, APP) who treat patients at the KCI Detroit and Farmington Hills clinics where patients are treated for cancer will be recruited. At least two providers from each discipline who treat various cancer types will be included. The study will be discussed at clinic program meetings and then interested providers will be consented. Providers who consent will agree to 1) complete a baseline survey, and 2) attend two one-on-one meetings, one as a part of the DISCO (Discussion of Cost) Provider development (Aim 1) and the second as a part of the DISCO Provider pilot-testing (Aim 2). To achieve Aim 1, participants will be asked to complete a survey eliciting their demographic and professional characteristics prior to interviews. Then, during one-on-one interviews, which will be audio recorded and subsequently transcribed, the investigators will present the DISCO Provider wireframes and ask participants to provide feedback on the planned content, organization, and implementation. The Investigators will also present participants with strategies identified from research on how to initiate, respond to, and effectively discuss cost concerns. Investigators will ask participants about ideas for website design and training intervention implementation. Participants will be asked to complete a needs assessment interview about their use of digital support tools. To achieve Aim 2 and pilot test DISCO Provider, participants will again meet one-on-one with the Investigators. Investigators will ask participants to provide feedback on the acceptability and usability of the working version of DISCO Provider, whether participants think it is useful for training providers to discuss cost, if the strategies suggested will likely be effective, and suggestions for improvement. Meetings will be audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using similar methods as those in Aim 1

This trial is conducted in China. The aim of the trial is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of BGM0504 versus semaglutide as add-on to metformin and/or sulfonylureas in patients with type 2 diabetes

This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III clinical study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of BGM0504 in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with poor glycemic control only through diet and exercise. The main purpose is to evaluate the clinical efficacy of BGM0504 injection monotherapy for 32 weeks compared with placebo in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes with poor glycemic control only through diet and exercise, and to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of BGM0504 injection for 52 weeks of administration.

The purpose of this study is to: * evaluate the safety and tolerability of single ascending doses of ALN-4324 in healthy volunteers and to characterize the single-dose PK of ALN-4324 * evaluate the efficacy, safety, tolerability, and pharmacodynamics (PD) of multiple doses of ALN-4324 in adult overweight to obese patients with T2DM

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of a single dose of ALN-4324 on whole-body insulin sensitivity in participants with T2DM

The purpose of this study is to evaluate how fasting and stopping the use of Dulaglutide (LY2189265) affect the amount of food and drink that stays in your stomach after a meal. Ultrasound devices will be used to check the stomach content after a test meal. The study can last approximately 28 weeks.

The association between biological aging and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence in individuals with and without metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) remains unclear.We assessed biological age by calculating phenotypic age (PhenoAge), Klemera-Doubal method (KDMAge), and homeostatic dysregulation (HDAge). To examine the association of biological ageing with the risk of T2DM, cox regression models were conducted. Furthermore, we applied survival analysis, restricted cubic spline models and population attributable fraction (PAF) to further evaluate the association between biological ageing and T2DM incidence.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects 30 million people in the U.S.1 The prevalence of diabetes is higher among Hispanics (12.5%) and African Americans (11.7%) compared to non-Hispanic whites (7.5%). Managing type 2 DM (T2DM) can be complex and burdensome; patients must modify their diet and exercise habits, take medications, check their blood sugars, visits their healthcare providers regularly, and navigate work and family life. Financial insecurity and social risks (e.g., transportation access) also disproportionately affect persons of color in the U.S. and in turn impede patients' ability to adhere to diabetes self-care recommendations. Diabetes distress (DD) is the stress, fear, and guilt in having to manage diabetes and is distinct from depression and anxiety. A meta-analysis of 58 international studies noted one in five adults with diabetes had elevated DD.6 DD has well documented associations with poor medication adherence, dietary and exercise behaviors, quality of life, and glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C). African-Americans and Hispanics have higher levels of DD compared to non-Hispanic whites. The American Diabetes Association published guidelines promoting screening for and addressing DD as a critical part of clinical care. Multiple studies have tested standardized screening instruments for DD and intervention studies have demonstrated reductions in DD. However, only 24% of adults with diabetes report their health care team asked them how diabetes affected their lives and far fewer currently receive structured DD screening and follow-up. Efforts to systematically identify and address DD could be an important strategy to improve diabetes outcomes and address diabetes disparities. Community health centers (CHCs) can be important partners in this effort. CHCs provide primary care for 2.5 million adults with diabetes, of whom 30% have A1C \>9% and 57% are racial ethnic minorities. No studies have systematically implemented DD screening and treatment interventions into a real-world primary care setting or used a guideline based approach. To fill this gap, we developed the ARISE (Achieving Routine Intervention and Screening for Emotional health) intervention. ARISE is a primary care training and implementation program for clinicians and allied health professionals to support screening for and address DD in T2DM. ARISE utilizes a standardized process for screening adult patients with T2DM for DD using validated instruments, provides training and support for CHC staff applying evidence-based strategies on how to address DD in the encounter, and an algorithm for action steps and referrals based on individualized sources of DD (e.g. hypoglycemia, access based on social needs). This pragmatic study will compare ARISE to enhanced usual care (didactic lecture for clinical staff on emotional health of persons with diabetes) using a type I hybrid effectiveness-implementation design via a cluster randomized controlled trial. This study provides the opportunity to optimize T2DM care for populations with health disparities concordant with evidence-based guidelines to aid in the attainment of optimal glycemic control.