Dexamethasone

This research aims to analyze obstetric, endocrine, and metabolic follow-up data in women treated with dexamethasone DEX during pregnancy who are at risk of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. It seeks to understand the occurrence and impact of weight gain, insomnia, edema, stretch marks, arterial hypertension, and gestational diabetes. The study also evaluates pregnancy outcomes and assesses the corticotropic axis during and up to three months after pregnancy to improve management and prevent related health issues. The study includes women treated with DEX during pregnancy, focusing on those with a severe mutation of the CYP21A2 gene in both parents and carrying a female single fetus. Participants have started prenatal DEX treatment for at least 24 hours. This observational study collects retrospective and prospective data from this group to evaluate the effects and outcomes of the treatment. Participants will be monitored through follow-up data collection, including metabolic complications like hypertension and diabetes, adverse effects such as weight gain and insomnia, pregnancy complications, and hormone levels cortisol and S-DHEA during and after treatment. The primary outcome is the proportion of mothers developing hypertension andor diabetes over an average of four years. The study aims to guide better clinical practices and recommendations for managing pregnant women treated with DEX.

This research aims to compare the effects of adding dexamethasone or magnesium sulfate to bupivacaine during bilateral erector spinae plane blocks for controlling pain after cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. The study focuses on women undergoing elective cesarean delivery and explores ways to improve postoperative pain management, which is important to support recovery and reduce complications like chronic pain and stress. Participants will be divided into three groups one receiving 20 ml of 0.25% isobaric bupivacaine alone, another receiving 20 ml of the same bupivacaine plus 4 mg dexamethasone, and the third receiving 20 ml of bupivacaine with 200 mg magnesium sulfate. These treatments are delivered using ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane blocks during surgery. During the study, participants will be monitored for pain control, time to first need for additional pain relief, total morphine consumption, ability to move independently, and any complications within 24 hours after surgery. Researchers will assess pain levels, quality of recovery, and safety outcomes to evaluate the effects of the added medications. The study period includes immediate postoperative assessments and follow-up within the first day after cesarean delivery.

Postoperative nausea and vomiting PONV frequently occur after ambulatory surgeries like cataract surgery, affecting up to 80% of high-risk patients and 20-30% overall. PONV can disrupt recovery, delay discharge, increase medical costs, and lower patient satisfaction. It may also lead to serious complications such as suprachoroidal hemorrhage SCH, a condition involving bleeding in the eye. This study evaluates whether dexamethasone can reduce PONV incidence compared to metoclopramide in adults undergoing cataract surgery. Participants are randomized into three groups one receiving 8 mg dexamethasone, another 10 mg metoclopramide, and a placebo group receiving saline. All patients receive sedation with midazolam, ketamine, and nalbuphine, along with a peribulbar block using lidocaine and bupivacaine. The study is double-blind and placebo-controlled, conducted at Alexandria University hospitals, with medication administered before sedation. Rescue antiemetic ondansetron and analgesic ketorolac drugs are available if needed. During the study, participants undergo preoperative evaluation including history, examination, and laboratory tests. Standard monitoring includes ECG, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation. Researchers assess nausea severity, vomiting incidence, pain scores, and use of rescue medications on the first postoperative day. The primary outcome is the number of patients experiencing nausea and vomiting post-surgery. Secondary outcomes include pain levels and side effects such as dizziness, itching, and headache. The study aims to improve management of PONV to enhance patient recovery and satisfaction.

Researchers are evaluating the effects of Dexamethasone, Dexmedetomidine, and their combination on postoperative gastrointestinal GIT function in adults aged 18 to 65 undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery. The study aims to compare these drugs with a placebo to understand their impact on GIT function measured by the I-FEED score after surgery. This trial is a randomized controlled study sponsored by Benha University. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of four groups Dexamethasone 8 mg IV with saline, Dexmedetomidine 0.5 mcgkg IV with saline, a combination of Dexamethasone 8 mg IV and Dexmedetomidine 0.5 mcgkg IV with saline, or placebo saline IV. Each infusion is administered over 10 minutes after anesthesia induction. The study uses a parallel design with quadruple masking to ensure unbiased results. During the study, participants will be monitored for gastrointestinal function using the highest I-FEED score measured 24 to 48 hours after surgery. Additional assessments include time to first flatus and defecation, time to tolerate oral intake, incidence of postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction, nausea and vomiting severity, length of hospital stay, adverse events related to study drugs, and opioid consumption. The study completion is expected by August 2026, with participant involvement including treatment administration and postoperative evaluations within the first 48 hours and follow-up for up to one week after surgery.

Researchers are comparing the pain relief effects of three types of local injectionsDexmedetomidine, Ozone, and Dexamethasonein people with carpal tunnel syndrome CTS. CTS is caused by pressure on the median nerve at the wrist, leading to symptoms like numbness and pain. While corticosteroid injections are commonly used to reduce inflammation in mild to moderate CTS, there is no clear guideline on which steroid is best. This study aims to evaluate which injection offers better long-term pain relief and functional improvement in CTS patients. Participants receive one of three treatments an injection of Dexmedetomidine 1 microgramkg combined with lidocaine near the median nerve a single local injection of ozone gas mixed with lidocaine or a single injection of dexamethasone with lidocaine. These injections are administered using similar techniques targeting the wrist area. The study follows a randomized, double-blind design to fairly compare these three treatment options. During the trial, patients will be assessed before treatment and then at 1 week, 4 weeks, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks after injection. Assessments include measuring pain levels and functional status, as well as nerve conduction studies to evaluate median nerve function. Researchers will also track pain medication use during the first 48 hours after injection. The study is sponsored by Tanta University and includes adults aged 20 to 60 with mild to moderate CTS confirmed by ultrasound and nerve studies.

This research focuses on children aged 4 to 15 years who experience asthma attacks, aiming to compare two different doses of the steroid dexamethasone given orally in emergency departments. The study evaluates which dose better reduces the need for repeat steroid prescriptions within two weeks after initial treatment. The study also examines how often children return to emergency care or their general practitioner and looks at how acceptable the treatments are to both parents and children. This pilot trial will help gather important information to plan a larger, more definitive study that addresses key concerns of families and healthcare professionals. Participants will receive one of two doses of dexamethasone, either 0.3 mgkg or 0.6 mgkg, as a single oral dose during their emergency department visit. The study is randomized and triple-blinded, meaning neither the participants, caregivers, nor researchers know which dose is given. The chosen doses reflect common clinical practices and aim to find the lowest effective dose to reduce side effects. This study period includes the initial emergency treatment and follow-up monitoring. Throughout the study, children will be monitored for the need for additional steroid treatment, hospital admissions, and how well they tolerate the medication. Researchers will track emergency department visits, general practitioner visits, and collect feedback from parents and children about the treatment experience. The primary outcome is participant recruitment over seven months, while secondary outcomes assess tolerability and hospital admissions. The study continues until August 2026, with careful safety monitoring by the research team.

Researchers are comparing the pain relief effects of two different nerve block techniques used during arthroscopic shoulder surgery. The study specifically evaluates the use of a combined suprascapular and supraclavicular nerve block with dexamethasone versus an interscalene brachial plexus block. The goal is to assess differences in postoperative pain levels, the need for additional pain medication, and diaphragm movement after surgery. Participants will receive one of two nerve block procedures before their shoulder arthroscopy under general anesthesia. One group will get the combined suprascapular and supraclavicular block with dexamethasone, while the other will receive the interscalene block. The study is randomized and single-blinded, meaning participants are randomly assigned and only one party is unaware of the group assignment. During the study, pain will be measured using a visual analog scale for 48 hours after surgery. Researchers will also assess diaphragm movement one hour after the operation. Other evaluations include monitoring the amount of additional pain medication participants use. The study will track participants closely to compare the effectiveness of the two nerve block methods in managing postoperative pain and side effects.

Researchers are studying the effects of dexamethasone when given either around the nerve perineurally or through the vein intravenously during a single-shot interscalene nerve block for shoulder surgery. The study focuses on comparing blood levels of the local anesthetic bupivacaine and dexamethasone to better understand their absorption and effects. This research is important because previous findings suggest perineural dexamethasone may safely extend pain relief, but its exact action and systemic absorption are not well known. Participants will receive 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine combined with 8 mg of dexamethasone administered either perineurally or intravenously. The study is randomized and double-blind, involving 40 patients undergoing shoulder surgery that requires a single-shot interscalene block. Blood samples will be taken multiple times after the block to measure plasma concentrations of bupivacaine and dexamethasone. The trial compares these levels between the two groups to assess pharmacokinetics and block effectiveness. During the study, participants will have venous blood samples collected at several time points up to four hours post-block, plus one sample at discharge. Researchers will evaluate the plasma levels of both enantiomers of bupivacaine and dexamethasone, block duration, and opioid use. The study is conducted under medical supervision with careful monitoring of participants responses and safety throughout the trial period.

This research evaluates the effects of two steroids, Dexamethasone and Betamethasone, on fetal heart activity in mothers at high risk of preterm birth. These steroids are given to speed up lung development in the baby before delivery, but they may affect the babys heart rate differently as seen on fetal heart monitoring called cardiotocography CTG. Participants will receive either Betamethasone or Dexamethasone through intramuscular injections. Betamethasone is given as 12 mg injections on two consecutive days, while Dexamethasone is given as two 12 mg doses spaced 24 hours apart. The study follows a randomized, double-blind design to compare these two treatment groups. During the study, fetal heart rate and its variations will be monitored before treatment and again at two and four days after treatment using CTG. Researchers will measure the number of heart rate accelerations and long-term heart rate variability to assess fetal well-being. The study will also monitor participants for any safety concerns related to the treatments.

Researchers are studying the effect of pre-medication with anti-inflammatory drugs, specifically ibuprofen and dexamethasone, on post-endodontic pain in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. This Phase 2 randomized and double-blind trial aims to compare these two drugs in managing pain after root canal treatment. The study will include adult patients aged 18 to 50 who have acutely inflamed pulp without swelling or draining sinus and are otherwise healthy. Participants will be divided into two groups, one receiving ibuprofen and the other dexamethasone as pre-medication 15 minutes before root canal treatment. The treatment involves local anesthesia, rubber dam isolation, working length determination, and instrumentation of the root canals using the ProTaper Next system with sodium hypochlorite irrigation. Calcium hydroxide will be used as an intra-canal medicament before temporary sealing. After instrumentation, patients will be recalled after one week for final obturation and restoration. During the study, patients will mark their pain intensity on a visual analogue scale at 24, 48, and 72 hours after the first visit. Severe pain will be managed with prescribed analgesics. Researchers will monitor the effect of pre-medication on post-endodontic pain at these time points. Patients must attend recall visits and provide written consent. The total study duration includes initial treatment and a one-week follow-up for final restoration.