Hydrocele

Researchers are evaluating whether the combination of Disitamab Vedotin and Bicalutamide can treat advanced HER2-positive and androgen receptor (AR)-positive extramammary Paget disease of the scrotum. This Phase 2 clinical trial also aims to assess the safety of this drug combination in affected male patients. The study is sponsored by Fudan University and involves close monitoring of tumor responses during treatment using imaging techniques based on RECIST criteria. Participants receive Disitamab Vedotin every two weeks and take Bicalutamide daily throughout the treatment period. Follow-up continues until disease progression, intolerable side effects, withdrawal of consent, loss to follow-up, or death. The study measures include the objective response rate every six weeks up to 24 weeks, as well as progression-free survival and adverse events over approximately two years. During the trial, patients undergo clinical tumor imaging assessments and regular evaluations to monitor disease status and safety. Researchers track measurable lesions and skin lesions as per established criteria. The study involves ongoing safety monitoring and collects data on patient outcomes until the study's completion, with total participation lasting up to around two years.

Researchers are evaluating the combination of Disitamab Vedotin and Toripalimab to treat advanced HER2-positive extramammary Paget disease of the scrotum. This phase II clinical trial aims to determine if this combination reduces tumor size and delays disease progression, while also studying the safety and medical problems that may occur during treatment. Participants will receive intravenous infusions of Disitamab Vedotin at 2mg/kg and Toripalimab at 3mg/kg every 3 weeks. Treatment continues until the disease progresses, intolerable side effects occur, or other specified reasons arise. The study includes regular clinical tumor imaging and lesion measurements during treatment. Participants visit the clinic every 3 weeks for checkups and tests, including assessments of tumor response using RECIST criteria. The main outcome measured is the objective response rate every 6 weeks for up to 24 weeks. Secondary outcomes include progression-free survival and adverse events monitored over an average of 2 years. Follow-up continues until disease progression, withdrawal, loss to follow-up, or death.

Researchers are studying patients with filarial infections, which are caused by parasitic worms transmitted by mosquito bites. These infections can range from no symptoms to serious issues like swelling, allergic lung problems, skin rashes, eye inflammation leading to blindness, and heart disease. The study aims to explore the immune response to these infections, including how susceptible people are, how the disease develops, and how patients respond to treatment. Participants diagnosed with or suspected of having filarial infections will undergo standard medical tests to identify the specific parasite type. Depending on the infection, tests may include lung, skin, or heart examinations, and some may have a skin biopsy or bronchoalveolar lavage if medically necessary. Treatment will follow standard care using diethylcarbamazine or ivermectin based on the infection type. Additional research procedures include extra blood draws, urine collections, skin allergy tests, and leukapheresis for immune cell collection in adults. During the study, participants will have more frequent follow-up visits than usual, including physical exams and blood tests. Researchers will collect blood and serum samples to study immune responses and monitor how patients clinically and immunologically respond to treatment over time. The main outcome is to understand the factors affecting infection susceptibility, disease progression, and treatment response, with long-term observation planned for up to 10 years.

Testicular torsion is a medical emergency affecting children and young people causing severe testicular pain. It is challenging to diagnose without surgery, which often leads to many unnecessary operations since up to 85% of boys undergoing surgery do not have torsion. This study aims to evaluate a new, quick, and low-risk imaging method called Indocyanine Green (ICG) fluorescence imaging to improve diagnosis accuracy and reduce unnecessary surgeries. Children with testicular pain who are scheduled for surgical exploration will be enrolled over a one-year period. During surgery, participants will receive an injection of ICG, followed by imaging of the scrotum using a near-infrared camera. Images will be taken before and, if torsion is found, after untwisting the testicle. Standard surgical care will continue throughout, and all procedures will follow safety protocols. Participants will be monitored during surgery and have their images and surgical findings recorded for comparison. Children diagnosed with torsion will receive a follow-up phone call after 12 months to check testicular health and any side effects. The study will measure the diagnostic accuracy of ICG imaging compared to surgical diagnosis, and also monitor for late testicular atrophy over 24 months. No changes will be made to routine care pathways, and adverse events will be closely tracked.