Trichomoniasis

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness and safety of an investigational drug called WXSH0102 compared to the active drug fluconazole for treating vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, dose-ranging Phase II clinical trial involves female patients aged 18 to 64 years who have been diagnosed with VVC. The study aims to determine which dosing regimen of WXSH0102 might best treat this condition by comparing it with fluconazole, a standard treatment. Participants are randomly assigned to one of four groups: three groups receive different doses of WXSH0102 tablets—1400 mg on the first day followed by 700 mg on days 2 and 3; 1000 mg followed by 500 mg; or 600 mg followed by 300 mg—and the fourth group receives a single dose of fluconazole capsules on day 1. All medications are given orally during a treatment period lasting three days. The study consists of three phases: screening and enrollment before treatment, the treatment period from day 1 to day 3, and a follow-up period with visits on days 4, 11 (plus or minus 2 days), and 25 (plus or minus 3 days). During the study, participants will be assessed for cure rates, clinical improvement, and clearance of the fungal infection at follow-up visits, particularly on day 11 and day 25. Researchers will also monitor vaginal health, adverse events, and drug concentration levels in the body. Participants agree to avoid sexual activity and use condoms throughout the study. The total study duration includes screening, treatment, and follow-up visits over approximately 25 days from the first treatment dose.

This research aims to improve the use of HIV, STI, and HCV prevention and care services among racially and ethnically diverse gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) and transgender women living in rural Appalachia. By combining peer navigation with mobile health (mHealth) strategies, the study seeks to reduce health disparities in these vulnerable populations and inform public health practices and policies. Participants will be assigned to one of two groups: an intervention group receiving a culturally compatible, bilingual approach that includes peer navigation and mHealth communication, or a delayed-intervention group. Community health leaders will raise awareness, support service access, and conduct in-person group sessions over 12 months. They will also use social media and apps to communicate and support participants throughout the intervention. During the study, researchers will track HIV, STI, and HCV testing rates at baseline, immediately after the 12-month intervention, and again 12 months later. They will also monitor the use of prevention methods like PrEP, syringe services, and gender-affirming care. Participants will be involved in group activities, receive ongoing support via mHealth platforms, and have their service use regularly assessed to measure the intervention's impact through 24 months from baseline.

Researchers are evaluating a multisectoral agricultural intervention called Shamba Maisha aimed at improving reproductive and sexual health among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) aged 15-19 in Kisumu and Migori counties of Western Kenya. This region has high rates of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), along with widespread food insecurity and poverty, which contribute to vulnerability to these infections. The study focuses on reducing the incidence of gonorrhea and chlamydia and improving related health outcomes by addressing household food security and adolescent-caregiver relationships. The Shamba Maisha intervention includes providing families with water pumps, seeds, and farming tools, along with training on agricultural techniques delivered at both home and school demonstration farms. Girls will engage in practical farming activities at school, which also benefits the wider school community. Additionally, families participate in sessions to strengthen communication and reduce stress between caregivers and adolescents, including discussions on sexual health. Control group participants will have the chance to receive the full intervention after the study concludes. Participants will be followed for 18 months, with data collected through surveys and testing for STIs and pregnancy at four time points: baseline, 6, 12, and 18 months. Researchers will measure outcomes such as STI incidence, household food insecurity, adolescent and caregiver mental health, body mass index, condom use, intimate partner violence, empowerment, and educational attainment. The study will also assess factors affecting implementation and costs, aiming to inform sustainable strategies to reduce food insecurity and improve HIV prevention among vulnerable youth.

Researchers are studying the management of Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM), a condition causing symptoms like vaginal atrophy that affects quality of life in postmenopausal women. This trial aims to assess the safety and effects of a new hormone-free gel called XCMIM20m applied topically to the vulvovaginal area. The study uses a patient-reported outcome measure called the Day-to-Day Impact of Vaginal Aging (DIVA) questionnaire to compare symptoms before and after treatment. Participants will apply 2 ml of the XCMIM20m gel daily, divided into two 1 ml doses taken about 12 hours apart, preferably morning and bedtime, for 8 weeks. The gel is manually applied to the vulvar area, including the vaginal opening, without an intravaginal applicator. Adverse effects like irritation or infections will be monitored and recorded throughout the study. Women will self-assess their symptoms using the DIVA questionnaire at the start and end of the 8-week treatment to evaluate changes in GSM symptoms and quality of life. Researchers will track any side effects and collect detailed information if any occur. The primary measurement is the change in symptom impact on quality of life after 8 weeks of using the gel, with additional focus on the most affected quality of life areas.

Researchers are evaluating the CHOICES-TEEN (CT) intervention compared with an Attentional Control (AC) condition to reduce risks of substance-exposed pregnancy (SEP) and HIV/STI among high-risk female youth aged 14 to 19 involved with the juvenile justice system. This trial also investigates how CT may improve cognitive self-regulation and explores factors that influence the intervention's effects based on race/ethnicity and readiness to change behavior. Participants are randomly assigned to either the CHOICES-TEEN intervention or the attentional control group. The CT intervention includes four sessions using Motivational Interviewing and cognitive-behavioral methods delivered by trained counselors, with one session in person and three via Telehealth. The control group attends four sessions focused on life skills education covering topics like time management, sleep, nutrition, exercise, and financial management, similarly delivered both in person and by Telehealth. Throughout the study, participants complete assessments at 3, 6, and 9 months to measure changes in risks related to alcohol- and marijuana-exposed pregnancy, HIV, and STIs. Data collection includes self-reports of substance use, sexual activity, and contraception use. Researchers also evaluate cognitive self-regulation abilities and intervention mechanisms. The study lasts at least 9 months with follow-up assessments to monitor participant progress and safety.

This research aims to understand the burden and transmission patterns of Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) infection among men who have sex with men living in Hong Kong. The study includes a cross-sectional component and a mathematical modeling component to analyze the spread and resistance of MG infections. It seeks to inform test-and-treat strategies for this sexually transmitted infection. Participants who are men aged 18 or older, living in Hong Kong, will complete an online survey and collect their own urine and rectal swab samples for laboratory testing of MG, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. They will also provide results of an HIV self-test. The modeling study will use these data to simulate transmission dynamics and evaluate different testing and treatment approaches. During the study, participants will undergo laboratory testing for infections and complete questionnaires about their sexual health and testing history. Researchers will measure the prevalence of MG and resistance mutations, as well as other sexually transmitted infections, over one year. The study involves self-sampling and self-reporting, with the total participation period lasting about one year to assess ongoing infection rates and co-infections.

Researchers are evaluating two mobile health technologies designed to support people in taking HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) correctly to help prevent HIV infection. This study focuses on cisgender and transgender men who have sex with men, and transgender women, assessing how well these technologies encourage adherence and continuation of PrEP over time. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group uses PrEPmate, an interactive text messaging system offering weekly check-ins, daily pill reminders, personalized communication with clinic staff, and access to educational materials. The other group uses Dot Diary, a mobile app that helps users track their pill-taking and sexual activity, offers real-time feedback on protection levels, and includes gamified features to encourage engagement. Both groups receive standard PrEP care from their clinics and are followed for about 12 months. Throughout the study, participants will be monitored for adherence to PrEP by measuring drug levels in blood samples. Researchers will also assess satisfaction with medical care, patient engagement, continuation of PrEP based on medication refills, sexual satisfaction, and confidence in sticking to the medication. Clinic staff will provide feedback on how the technologies are used in their settings. The total study period for participants is around one year.

Researchers are evaluating a behavior change intervention program designed to reduce risky sexual behaviors among college students aged 16 to 24. This program was developed using the Behavior Change Wheel (BCW) theory and includes input from literature analysis, expert feedback, and pre-experiments. The goal is to improve students' psychosexual health, social support, sexual self-efficacy, risk perception, and decision-making ability to lower the occurrence of risky sexual behaviors and related adverse outcomes. The intervention involves a behavioral program aimed at college students who have engaged in risky sexual behaviors such as multiple partners, unprotected sex, or casual sex. Participants are randomly assigned to either the intervention group receiving this program or a control group with no intervention. The intervention lasts 12 weeks, with evaluations before the intervention (T0) and after its completion (12 weeks, T1). During the study, participants will be assessed using scales measuring sexual mental health, social support, and sexual self-efficacy at both T0 and T1. The study monitors changes in these areas to determine the intervention's impact. Participation involves completing questionnaires and assessments related to psychosexual health and social factors, with the entire involvement spanning the 12-week intervention period.

Researchers are developing and validating a predictive model to understand the risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among individuals using HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) within Spain's national program. This observational study includes PrEP users followed according to national protocols at 23 hospitals. The study focuses on STIs such as syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, herpes, hepatitis, HIV, and MPOX, with the primary outcome being whether participants develop an STI. Participants are individuals who have started daily oral PrEP, have taken at least one pill, and meet the approved criteria by Spanish guidelines. They will be monitored quarterly with tests including blood samples and swabs from various sites to diagnose STIs. The study uses data from these visits to build and validate predictive models and analyze factors linked to STI acquisition. Participants will be followed over an average of five years with regular clinical visits to monitor for STIs and collect behavioral and adherence data. Researchers will measure the occurrence and number of STIs, changes in behavior, PrEP adherence, and discontinuation rates. The study aims to improve understanding of STI dynamics among PrEP users while ensuring ongoing monitoring and data collection throughout the participation period.

Researchers are evaluating whether doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis (doxy-PEP) can help prevent bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among sexual and gender minorities in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This includes men who have sex with men, transgender women, and travestis living with HIV or using HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). The study aims to determine if doxy-PEP reduces new STI cases, is safe and well tolerated, is used as recommended, and whether it affects antibiotic resistance or natural bacteria in the body. Participants who decide to use doxy-PEP will take a dose of doxycycline orally within 72 hours after sexual activity, not exceeding one dose per 24 hours and a maximum of three doses per week. After counseling about risks and benefits, participants will be followed for up to 48 weeks with clinic visits approximately every three months. Those who initially decline doxy-PEP may start it later during the study. During visits, participants will be tested for STIs, monitored for side effects, and asked about medication use, sexual health, and well-being. Researchers will collect data on new STI diagnoses, safety, adherence to doxy-PEP, and participants' experiences. This information will help decide if doxy-PEP is a practical prevention approach in Brazil and guide future public health strategies.