Measuring Cord Blood S100B Protein Levels in Newborns with Fetal Anemia from Hemolytic Disease Observing Effects of Intrauterine Transfusions in Pregnant Women with HDFN

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are investigating the levels of the S100B protein in newborns with fetal anemia caused by hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn HDFN. This condition often requires intrauterine transfusions IUTs, which carry a risk of central nervous system damage. The study aims to understand if measuring S100B protein before IUT can predict which fetuses are at higher risk for brain complications and how these levels relate to anemia severity and fetal blood flow. The study includes two groups pregnant women with HDFN-related fetal anemia needing IUT, determined by abnormal middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity MCA-PSV above 1.5 multiples of the median, and women with HDFN pregnancies that do not require IUT. Blood samples will be collected before each IUT and at birth to measure S100B protein, blood gas values, and blood count parameters. Fetal cerebral blood flow will be monitored by ultrasound, and newborns will have a transfontanelle ultrasound to check for brain abnormalities. Participants will undergo routine ultrasound assessments and blood sampling before IUT procedures and at delivery. Researchers will analyze S100B protein levels in cord blood, examine correlations with blood gas and blood count parameters, and evaluate fetal cerebral blood flow measurements. The primary outcome is S100B protein concentration in cord blood, with secondary outcomes exploring its relationships to various blood and flow measurements. The study follows participants from prenatal diagnosis through birth, with all tests completed within three months of enrollment.

Cord Blood S100B Protein Levels in Neonates Following Intrauterine Transfusions for HDFN-Associated Fetal Anemia