Comparing Health Effects of Cottonseed Oil and Similar Fatty Acid Diets on Cholesterol and Metabolism in Adults at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease

What this Trial Is About

Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death in the United States, with risk factors like higher body mass index BMI and poor cholesterol profiles increasing disease burden. Researchers are studying cottonseed oil CSO, which has shown potential in improving cholesterol and lipid metabolism, to compare its effects against a diet matched for polyunsaturated fatty acids PUFA and a control oil mixture. This study aims to assess how CSO influences fasting and postprandial lipid levels and other markers related to chronic disease risk in adults at increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups receiving daily breakfast shakes over 28 days a shake enriched with cottonseed oil, a shake with oils matched for fatty acid composition to CSO PUFA, or a shake matching the fatty acid profile of the average American diet control. The shakes provide 20% of the participants daily estimated energy needs. Weekly visits include fasting blood draws, body measurements, and study material collection. Two longer visits involve consuming a standardized meal and multiple blood draws to assess metabolic responses. Throughout the study, participants will undergo screening and pre- and post-intervention assessments including blood tests for cholesterol, triglycerides, fatty acids, inflammatory markers, and other health indicators. Body composition will be measured by DXA scans. Researchers will monitor changes in fasting and postprandial lipid metabolism and other chronic disease markers to evaluate the effects of CSO compared to matched PUFA and control diets. The total study duration includes a 28-day intervention with multiple follow-up visits and testing sessions.

Cottonseed Oil Versus Matched PUFA Effects