Nonalcoholic liver disease: Epidemiology, risk factors, natural history, and management strategies.
George Agyapong, Farzaneh Dashti, Bubu A Banini
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37400359/Actively Recruiting
Led by Yale University · Updated on 2026-05-26
144
Participants Needed
2
Research Sites
N/A
Total Duration
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis NASH, also called metabolic associated steatohepatitis MASH, is a serious form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease affecting many people. This condition often leads to liver fibrosis, which is a key factor in disease progression and mortality. Researchers are exploring the use of digoxin, a drug currently used for heart conditions, to see if it can benefit patients with NASH by improving liver health and reducing fibrosis. The trial is a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study comparing two oral digoxin dosing methods given once dailytitration-based dosing using weight and kidney function, and weight-based dosing at 0.15 mcgkgdayagainst a placebo. Participants will receive these treatments to evaluate their effects on NASH resolution and liver fibrosis over 24 weeks. Participants will undergo liver biopsies before treatment and at 24 weeks to assess liver tissue changes. Researchers will also monitor liver enzymes, imaging markers like MRI and elastography, and biochemical scores to track liver health. The study includes safety and tolerability assessments, with follow-up visits to measure treatment impact and any side effects during the trial period.
CONDITIONS
Digoxin In NASH (CODIN)
B
Bubu Banini, MD, PhD
T
Tara McPartland
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Yale University
Lead Sponsor
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Collaborating Sponsor
This table compares participation in this trial with other options available for this condition. The information is drawn from published research and the trial’s study details and is provided for educational purposes only.
| Factors | Digoxin (titration-based) | Digoxin (weight-based) | Placebo | Current standard care |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| What it is | Regimen of oral digoxin given with dose adjusted (titrated) according to protocol in adults with biopsy‑confirmed NASH and stage 2–3 fibrosis | Regimen of oral digoxin dosed based on body weight in similar NASH population | Oral placebo matched in appearance, given daily as the control arm | Current treatment for metabolic dysfunction‑associated steatohepatitis includes lifestyle modifications (diet, weight loss, exercise), GLP‑1 receptor agonists such as semaglutide, and resmetirom for fibrosis stage F2–F3 |
| Role in trial | One of two investigational dosing regimens being evaluated | Another investigational dosing regimen being evaluated | Control comparator receiving matched placebo | Represents typical treatment approaches outside of trial |
| Primary use | To assess whether titrated digoxin regimens resolve NASH without worsening fibrosis at 24 weeks | To evaluate whether weight‑based digoxin dosing leads to NASH resolution without fibrosis worsening at 24 weeks | To compare placebo effect versus digoxin regimens in achieving outcomes at 24 weeks | To offer context on outcomes achievable with standard non‑digoxin therapies in similar patients |
| How it is given or performed | Oral daily digoxin with dose adjusted per protocol | Oral daily digoxin dosed by patient weight | Oral daily placebo matched to digoxin regimen | Lifestyle changes at home; semaglutide injected weekly; resmetirom taken orally daily |
| Evidence status | No published results yet; trial ongoing | No efficacy evidence available yet | No efficacy data yet; placebo control to be assessed | Lifestyle and semaglutide or resmetirom have shown histologic improvement and fibrosis reduction in F2–F3 patients in multiple studies |
| Important risks | Potential for digoxin-related cardiac side effects but safety not yet reported in trial context | Potential cardiac-related risks similar to titration arm; data pending | Placebo expected to have minimal direct risks, though biopsy procedure carries risks | Weight loss programs are generally safe; semaglutide may cause gastrointestinal effects; resmetirom safety profile under study |
| Important limitations | Unproven benefit in NASH; dose‑finding study without long‑term safety or efficacy data yet | Same as titration arm; lacks long‑term histologic or clinical outcome data | No therapeutic benefit expected; serves only as control; same lack of long‑term outcome data | Lifestyle adherence may be variable; pharmacotherapy may be costly or not universally available |
Disclaimer: This comparison is created with the help of artificial intelligence(AI) and may contain errors or missing information. It is not medical advice and does not mean one option is better or safer than another. Clinical trials are still being studied, and joining a trial is your choice. Please consult your healthcare professional before making any decisions.
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Duration - 2 to 4 weeks
Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial.
Duration - 24 weeks
Participants take oral digoxin or matched placebo once daily to evaluate effects on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Model
PARALLEL
Primary Purpose
TREATMENT
Number of Arms
3
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36396496/Yale University
Lead Sponsor
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Collaborating Sponsor