Study of N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Rich Foods Including Chia and Pumpkin Seeds on Triglycerides and Lipoproteins in Adults With High Triglycerides

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are investigating how consuming Mexican foods rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, specifically chia seeds and pumpkin seeds, affects triglyceride levels and fatty acid profiles in adults with hypertriglyceridemia. The study aims to complement the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III NCEP-ATPIII dietary guidelines to better manage this common lipid disorder linked to high mortality rates in Mexico and worldwide. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups for a 4-week dietary intervention an isocaloric diet based on NCEP-ATPIII recommendations alone or the same diet supplemented with chia and pumpkin seeds. If triglyceride levels remain above 200 mgdL after this period, participants will receive fish oil supplements for an additional 4 weeks to reinforce treatment. The diet composition includes 50% carbohydrates, 20% protein, and 30% fats, tailored to individual energy needs. Throughout the study, participants will undergo medical history reviews, body measurements including weight and waist circumference, body composition analysis, blood pressure checks, and liver health assessments using transient elastography and pulse wave velocity. Blood samples will be collected to measure glucose, lipid profiles, inflammatory and oxidative markers, and genetic factors related to lipid metabolism. Dietary adherence will be monitored via 24-hour recalls, phone calls, and texts. The main outcomes focus on changes in serum triglycerides and fatty acid profiles over the first 4 weeks, with additional secondary measures recorded.

Effect of Consuming n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Rich Foods on Triglyceride Concentration and Lipoprotein Composition