Actively Recruiting
The Effect of Hand Holding and Stress Ball Intervention on Pain and Anxiety
Led by Sakarya University · Updated on 2026-02-06
108
Participants Needed
1
Research Sites
38 weeks
Total Duration
On this page
AI-Summary
What this Trial Is About
Cataract surgery is currently primarily performed with topical anesthesia. Although topical anesthesia provides many benefits for patients, they may experience pain, anxiety and discomfort during surgery. It has been reported that increased pain and anxiety during surgery may decrease patient cooperation and satisfaction, making surgery more difficult. In this context, in addition to medical interventions, non-pharmacologic methods are recommended to manage pain and anxiety during surgery. Non-pharmacological methods are reported to be simple, effective and cost-effective. In this context, studies have shown that stress ball application and hand holding are effective strategies for the control of pain and anxiety in patients. According to this information, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of stress ball application and hand holding method used during cataract surgery on patients' pain and anxiety. Another aim of the study was to determine the effects of stress ball application and hand holding method on patients' satisfaction levels and vital signs.
CONDITIONS
Official Title
The Effect of Hand Holding and Stress Ball Intervention on Pain and Anxiety
Who Can Participate
Eligibility Criteria
You may qualify if you...
- 18 years and over
- Can understand and speak Turkish
- Clear consciousness, person, place and time oriented
- No hearing and perception problems
- No mental or neurological disorders affecting communication (Alzheimer's, dementia, etc.)
- First time cataract surgery
- No psychiatric diagnosis or treatment (antidepressants, anxiolytics, sedatives, etc.)
- No physical problems in squeezing the stress ball (muscle, joint problems, etc.)
- No analgesic or anesthetic medication 24 hours before the procedure
- Agreement to participate in the study
You will not qualify if you...
- Conversion of topical anesthesia to general anesthesia during surgery
- Previous eye surgery
- Hearing, speech, physical, or mental disability
- Pregnancy or possible pregnancy
- Malignancy
- Taking analgesic medication at least 24 hours before the procedure
- Chronic pain
- History of incomplete or canceled cataract procedures
- Hypertension (greater than 160/100 mmHg)
- Suppurative, infective, or inflammatory skin condition of the hands
- Hypersensitivity to touch
- Contact-transmitted diseases
- Being uncomfortable with hand-holding
- Need for emergency intervention during or immediately after the procedure
- Failure to perform stress ball application as instructed
- Pre-existing neuropathy (muscle, joint problems, stroke, etc.)
- Complications during cataract surgery
- Voluntary withdrawal from the study
- Termination due to deterioration of general condition during procedure
- Failure to follow intervention protocols (e.g., dropping the stress ball)
AI-Screening
AI-Powered Screening
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Trial Site Locations
Total: 1 location
1
Yenikent State Hospital
Sakarya, Turkey (Türkiye)
Actively Recruiting
Research Team
A
Aysel GÜL
CONTACT
How is the study designed?
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Masking
SINGLE
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Model
PARALLEL
Primary Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Number of Arms
3
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