Effect of Nasal Spray Dexmedetomidine on Preventing Emergence Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Total Hip Replacement with General Anesthesia

What this Trial Is About

Emergence Delirium (ED) is a common complication after surgery, characterized by sudden problems with attention and consciousness during recovery from general anesthesia. It can increase risks such as self-injury, wound reopening, accidental catheter removal, postoperative delirium, cognitive decline, and higher medical resource use after discharge. This study focuses on elderly patients undergoing total hip replacement, aiming to evaluate how nasal spray dexmedetomidine might prevent ED in this group. Participants will receive either a nasal spray of dexmedetomidine or a saline placebo at a dose of 100 micrograms, assigned according to their study group. The study compares this nasal administration with previous intravenous methods, which have shown drawbacks like delayed extubation and prolonged recovery room stays. Nasal spray dexmedetomidine offers potentially better stability and fewer side effects, making it a promising approach to reduce ED after hip replacement under general anesthesia. During the study, researchers will monitor patients closely for signs of emergency delirium following surgery. Assessments will include evaluations in the post-anesthesia care unit to avoid missing delirium cases. The primary outcome is the occurrence of postoperative emergency delirium. The study involves elderly adults aged 60 and above and includes safety monitoring and follow-up during the hospital stay to understand the treatment's effects comprehensively.

Effect of Nasal Spray Dexmedetomidine on Emergence Delirium Prevention in Total Hip Replacement