Comparing Opioid-Free, Opioid-Sparing, and Opioid-Based Anesthesia Effects on Blood Markers and Cancer Cell Behavior After Colorectal Cancer Surgery in Adults Aged 18 to 80

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are evaluating the effects of three anesthesia methodsopioid-free anesthesia OFA, opioid-sparing anesthesia OSA, and opioid-based anesthesia OAin adults aged 18 to 80 years undergoing elective colorectal cancer surgery under general anesthesia. The study measures blood markers related to inflammation and cancer cell behavior to understand how different anesthesia approaches might affect recovery and cancer cell malignancy. Participants are randomly assigned to one of three groups. The OA group receives intravenous propofol, remifentanil, sufentanil, and rocuronium during surgery, followed by patient-controlled intravenous analgesia PCIA with sufentanil and flurbiprofen after surgery. The OSA group receives similar induction drugs but combines this with a nerve block and PCIA with oxycodone and flurbiprofen post-surgery. The OFA group receives epidural anesthesia combined with general anesthesia using propofol, esketamine, lidocaine, and dexmedetomidine, with patient-controlled epidural analgesia PCEA after surgery. Participants will have blood samples collected before surgery and 24 hours after surgery to measure specific serum biomarkers. Researchers will also monitor pain levels, postoperative side effects such as nausea and vomiting, complications, and recovery profiles during the hospital stay and up to two days post-surgery. The epidural catheter or PCIA is removed or stopped 48 hours after surgery, and the overall study duration varies according to hospital discharge and recovery progress.

Effect of OFA, OSA Versus Opioid-based Anesthesia on NETs and Cancer Cell Malignancy After Colorectal Cancer Surgery