Effectiveness of Adding Inspiratory Muscle Training to Cardiac Rehabilitation for Adults With Ischemic Heart Disease Treated by Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty

What this Trial Is About

Myocardial Ischemia MI is a condition caused by narrowing of the arteries supplying blood to the heart muscle, leading to reduced oxygen flow which can cause chest pain or heart attacks. It is a leading cause of death worldwide and represents a major public health issue. Cardiac rehabilitation programs CRP that include lifestyle changes, education, psychological support, and exercise are key non-drug treatments to improve quality of life and prevent further heart problems. This research aims to study the addition of inspiratory muscle training IMT to a CRP for people with MI who have undergone percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty PTCA. The study is a low-risk randomized controlled trial comparing two groups over an 8-week cardiac rehabilitation period. Both groups participate in usual CRP sessions involving aerobic and strength exercises, health education, and group psychological therapy. The intervention group adds IMT using a device set to 70% of their maximum inspiratory pressure, performing sets of breathing exercises at home four days a week, supervised weekly by a physiotherapist. The control group uses a similar device with a minimal load that acts as a placebo. Participants will attend three weekly sessions at the hospital for exercise and education. Assessments before and after the program will measure functional capacity, muscle strength, social support, anxiety, depression, coping, sexual dysfunction, quality of life, sleep quality, eating habits, body composition, and other health indicators using tests, questionnaires, and imaging. Adherence is tracked with diaries and supervision. The research team will analyze results statistically to evaluate the effect of adding IMT to the rehabilitation program and explore gender differences and biopsychosocial profiles.

Effectiveness of Inspiratory Muscle Training for People With Ischemic Heart Disease Revascularized by Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty.