Evaluating the Impact of Intermittent Fasting, Caloric Restriction, and Physical Activity on Metabolic Syndrome Biomarkers in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

What this Trial Is About

Metabolic syndrome MetS is a widespread health condition marked by a group of risk factors including abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, elevated blood sugar, high triglycerides, and low HDL cholesterol. These factors increase the chances of developing heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and early death. In Saudi Arabia, MetS affects a significant portion of adults, especially men and those living in certain regions, with causes tied to obesity, inactivity, smoking, and poor diet. Despite evidence supporting interventions like weight loss, intermittent fasting, and exercise, no randomized controlled trials have studied their combined effect on MetS in Saudi adults. This research will test how well modified intermittent fasting, caloric restriction, and physical activity work together to improve MetS markers, body composition, and lifestyle in adults with MetS in Riyadh. The study will randomly assign 140 participants into two groups one group will follow a program combining intermittent fasting 16 hours fasting, 8 hours eating window, calorie-controlled diet, and at least 150 minutes per week of moderate aerobic exercise the other group will receive the standard care provided by the hospital. The interventions will be monitored over 12 weeks. Participants will be assessed at the start and then every 4 weeks up to 12 weeks for changes in blood glucose, cholesterol, blood pressure, body mass index, physical activity, dietary intake, and sleep quality. Physical activity will be tracked using a mobile app recommended by Saudi Arabias Ministry of Health. The study aims to measure how these lifestyle changes affect metabolic health markers and overall wellbeing in adults with MetS.

The Effectiveness of Intermittent Fasting, Caloric Restriction and Physical Activity On Metabolic Syndrome