Study on Continuous Monitoring and Adjustment of Inflatable Laryngeal Mask Airway Cuff Pressure to Reduce Throat Complications After Surgery in Older Adults

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are investigating the effects of continuous monitoring and progressive regulation of inflatable laryngeal mask airway LMA cuff pressure on postoperative throat-related complications in elderly patients undergoing surgery. This study addresses a critical gap in research focusing on elderly patients, who face higher risks of pulmonary and throat complications during anesthesia due to natural physiological declines. It aims to improve airway management safety and effectiveness during the perioperative period by identifying the optimal cuff pressure range. The study is a prospective, single-center, randomized controlled trial comparing two groups of elderly patients receiving general anesthesia with LMA ventilation. One group receives continuous cuff pressure monitoring with progressive pressure regulation to maintain safe levels, starting at 40 cmH2O and adjusted downward during surgery. The other group receives empirical cuff inflation based on anesthesiologist experience, with pressure monitoring but no adjustments. Both groups undergo standard surgical procedures in the supine position with specific inclusion criteria including non-cardiac and non-thoracic surgeries. Participants will be monitored before, during, and after surgery for pharyngolaryngeal complications such as sore throat, hoarseness, mucosal injury, blood on the LMA, and swallowing difficulties. Additional assessments include difficulty and duration of LMA insertion, airway complications, pulmonary complications within 7 and 30 days post-surgery, hospital stay length, medical costs, and patient satisfaction. The study enrolls participants aged 60 and above, with a planned follow-up until at least 48 hours post-LMA removal, providing thorough evaluation of airway safety and recovery outcomes.

Effects of Continuous Monitoring and Progressive Regulation of Inflatable Laryngeal Mask Airway Cuff Pressure on Postoperative Pharyngolaryngeal Complications in Elderly Patients