Study of Menstrual Cycle Phases and Oral Contraceptive Effects on Strength, Hydration, and Energy in Female Athletes Aged 18 to 30

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are investigating how natural menstrual cycles and oral contraceptive use affect strength, hydration, energy balance, and body composition in female athletes. This observational study focuses on hormonal changes during specific menstrual phases and oral contraceptive cycles to better understand their impact on athletic performance and health. The study addresses gaps in knowledge about how estrogen and progesterone influence muscle strength, hydration status, and energy availability in female athletes. The study involves 40 female athletes divided into two groups 24 naturally menstruating athletes and 16 oral contraceptive users. Naturally menstruating participants will be assessed during early follicular, late follicular, and mid-luteal menstrual phases, while oral contraceptive users will be evaluated during active pill and withdrawal phases. Testing includes strength measurements using handgrip dynamometry, bench press, and leg press, along with hormonal blood tests, body water and hydration assessments, energy expenditure and balance measurements, and body composition analysis. Participants will attend sessions during each menstrual or contraceptive phase for detailed assessments of strength and hydration. Researchers will monitor hormone levels, body water compartments, hydration markers, energy intake and expenditure, and resting metabolism. The study aims to validate measurement methods and explore relationships between hormone fluctuations and energy availability. Total participation spans multiple menstrual or contraceptive phases, with data collected longitudinally to capture variations over time.

Effects of the Menstrual Cycle and Oral Contraceptive Use on Health and Performance in Athletes