Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation with Speech Therapy to Improve Language in Adults Aged 45 to 80 with Primary Progressive Aphasia

What this Trial Is About

The trial investigates the use of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques to address language impairment caused by Primary Progressive Aphasia PPA, a neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects language abilities while initially sparing other cognitive functions. Researchers aim to combine behavioral language therapy with personalized transcranial direct current stimulation tDCS to encourage brain reorganization around damaged regions and improve language skills. This study evaluates both short- and long-term effects of tDCS on language function in PPA patients. The treatment involves applying tDCS guided by functional MRI to target brain areas showing reduced activation but preserved structure. Participants receive excitatory tDCS or a sham placebo stimulation alongside speech-language therapy five days a week for two weeks during two separate treatment periods. The tDCS uses a mild electrical current delivered for 20 minutes per session with individualized electrode placement. Sham stimulation mimics the sensation without delivering active current to maintain study blinding. Participants undergo a series of assessments including baseline language testing, EEG, and fMRI to tailor treatment. After each treatment phase, language and brain function are evaluated through tasks and imaging. Follow-up assessments continue up to one year to measure changes in language abilities using standardized tests such as the Arizona Phonological Battery and naming tasks. Safety and tolerability are monitored throughout, with the total study duration spanning several months including rest and evaluation periods.

Enhancing Language Function in Primary Progressive Aphasia