FocaL Mass Drug Administration for Vivax Malaria Elimination (FLAME): a Pragmatic Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial in Peru
Led by University of California, San Francisco · Updated on 2025-11-14
7530
Participants Needed
1
Research Sites
N/A
Total Duration
On this page
AI-Summary
Brief Title
Who Can Participate
AI-Screening
Your Study Journey
Trial Site Locations
Research Team
How is the study designed?
Similar Trials
Frequently Asked Questions
Research Publications
Sponsors
U
University of California, San Francisco
Lead Sponsor
U
Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
Collaborating Sponsor
AI-Summary
What this Trial Is About
Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness of focal mass drug administration (fMDA) to reduce the incidence of Plasmodium vivax malaria in the Loreto Department of Peru, a low transmission area. This open-label cluster-randomized controlled trial compares standard malaria control measures with additional fMDA targeting high-risk villagers near recent malaria cases. The study also aims to assess the safety, tolerability, cost-effectiveness, and acceptance of fMDA in this population.
The trial involves two study groups: a control group receiving standard interventions such as insecticide-treated bednets, mosquito breeding site management, and malaria case detection and treatment, and an experimental group receiving these standard interventions plus fMDA. The fMDA intervention is administered in two rounds per cycle, with three cycles over the study period. Treatments include chloroquine (CQ), tafenoquine (TQ), and primaquine (PQ) given according to age and eligibility, with dosing schedules designed to treat blood and liver stages of malaria and provide prophylactic effects.
Participants will be involved in surveys and blood sample collections at baseline, interim, and endline points over the three-year intervention period. Fever cases are monitored and treated per national guidelines. Researchers will measure cumulative incidence of malaria infections, genetic diversity, drug tolerability and adherence, refusal rates, and cost metrics. The trial is implemented pragmatically through the existing health system, with continued monitoring for safety and public health impact throughout the study duration.
CONDITIONS
Brief Title
FocaL Mass Drug Administration for Vivax Malaria Elimination
Who Can Participate
All Genders
Healthy Volunteers
Eligibility Criteria
You may qualify if you...
Village clusters must be within 8 hours transport of Iquitos
Village incidence of malaria less than 250 cases per 1000 and more than 2 cases in the year before the trial
Village population size less than 650
Reside in a household within 200 meters of a Plasmodium vivax index case in the past 2 years
Age 6 months or older
Present in the village for the intervention
Adults 18 years or older must provide informed consent
Children 8 to under 18 years old must provide assent and have parental consent
Children 6 months to under 8 years old must have parental consent
Villagers who slept in a household in the cluster for at least one night in the past four weeks are eligible for surveys
High-risk villagers near recent malaria cases are eligible for fMDA during each cycle
You will not qualify if you...
History of retinal or visual field changes
Known allergy or adverse reaction to chloroquine, tafenoquine, or primaquine
Taking chloroquine currently or within the past four weeks
Hemoglobin level below 9 g/dL
G6PD deficiency or intermediate enzyme activity below defined thresholds
Unknown or refused G6PD testing
Acute or severe malaria
Pregnancy or refusal of pregnancy test if recent missed periods
Breastfeeding a child with G6PD deficiency or unknown status
Taken mefloquine, tafenoquine, primaquine, or other antimalarials in the past four weeks
AI-Screening
AI-Powered Screening
Complete this quick 3-step screening to check your eligibility
1
2
3
Your Study Journey
Screening
Duration - 2 to 4 weeks
Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial.
1 visit (in-person)
Treatment
Duration - 3 years
Participants in the fMDA group receive focal mass drug administration targeting high-risk individuals living near recent malaria cases. Each cycle includes two rounds of medication: the first round involves 3 days of chloroquine plus tafenoquine or primaquine depending on age and G6PD status, followed by a second round with single-dose chloroquine plus tafenoquine or primaquine. This cycle is repeated for 3 cycles spaced apart by regular intervals over the trial period.
6 rounds of drug administration (2 rounds per cycle, 3 cycles), each round involving multiple days of medication with directly observed therapy
Surveillance
Duration - Throughout the 3-year trial and at endline in year 4
Participants are monitored through interim and endline surveys that include dried blood spot collection and fever screening to assess malaria infection and transmission.
Effectiveness of reactive focal mass drug administration and reactive focal vector control to reduce malaria transmission in the low malaria-endemic setting of Namibia: a cluster-randomised controlled, open-label, two-by-two factorial design trial.
Michelle S Hsiang, Henry Ntuku, Kathryn W Roberts...
Cost and cost effectiveness of reactive case detection (RACD), reactive focal mass drug administration (rfMDA) and reactive focal vector control (RAVC) to reduce malaria in the low endemic setting of Namibia: an analysis alongside a 2×2 factorial design cluster randomised controlled trial.
FocaL mass drug administration for Plasmodium vivax malaria elimination (FLAME): study protocol for an open-label cluster randomized controlled trial in Peru.
Sydney R Fine, Veronica Soto Calle, Astrid Altamirano Quiroz...
FocaL mass drug Administration for Plasmodium vivax Malaria Elimination (FLAME): study protocol for an open-label cluster randomized controlled trial in Peru.
Sydney Fine, Astrid Altamirano Quiroz, Veronica Soto Calle...