Fractional Erbium YAG Laser vs Intradermal and Systemic Tranexamic Acid in Combination With Topical Hydroquinone for Refractory Melasma

What this Trial Is About

Melasma is a common skin condition marked by brown or gray patches, mainly on sun-exposed areas like the face. It often affects people with darker skin tones and is more common in women. The exact cause of melasma is unknown but may involve genetics, sun exposure, hormones, and other factors. This trial studies treatments for refractory melasma, focusing on options combined with topical hydroquinone, to address challenges in managing this condition. The trial compares three treatment approaches: sessions with a fractional Erbium YAG laser every three weeks plus nightly topical hydroquinone 4% cream, intradermal tranexamic acid injections every three weeks alongside the same topical cream, and daily oral tranexamic acid tablets for three months with the topical cream applied each night. The laser uses a specific wavelength to target skin layers with minimal heat damage, while tranexamic acid works by reducing pigmentation through anti-inflammatory and anti-melanogenic effects. Participants will receive their assigned treatment over three months, with assessments focusing on the effectiveness of these combinations in treating refractory melasma. Researchers will monitor changes in pigmentation and treatment response. The study includes regular visits for treatment sessions and evaluations, ensuring careful observation of participant progress and treatment outcomes.

Fractional Erbium YAG Laser vs Intradermal and Systemic Tranexamic Acid