Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback to Reduce Stress and Burnout in Portuguese Security Forces

What this Trial Is About

This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a 12-session Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback HRV-BFB protocol in reducing distress and burnout while promoting psychological well-being among professionals of the Portuguese National Republican Guard GNR. These security forces face high occupational stress from unpredictable risks, shift work, and limited resources, which increases their vulnerability to chronic stress and related health issues. The study explores whether HRV-BFB can help improve autonomic regulation and emotional self-control in this high-stress group. Participants in the experimental group receive 12 individual HRV-BFB sessions over 4 weeks, with one 12-minute session every two days. The training uses a chest-worn ECG sensor connected to a mobile app that provides real-time visual feedback. The protocol guides participants through resonance frequency breathing and positive memory recall to increase heart rate variability and strengthen parasympathetic activity. A control group continues their usual duties without intervention during the same 4-week period and completes the same assessments. After study completion, control participants are offered the training. During the study, all participants undergo assessments at baseline, after 4 weeks, and at 10 weeks follow-up. Measurements include changes in psychological distress, occupational burnout, and psychological well-being using standardized scales. Additional heart rate variability indicators are recorded throughout training sessions for the experimental group. The study monitors participant adherence, autonomic responses, and psychological outcomes to assess the interventions impact over a total of 10 weeks from the start.

Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback in Security Forces