Prospective Randomized Evaluation of Emerging Novel Treatments for Infection Prevention in Total Joint Replacement (PREVENT-iT)

What this Trial Is About

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common cause of disability worldwide, affecting over 500 million people. Total joint replacements (TJR) are often used when other treatments fail, but infection is the main cause of joint replacement failure, leading to more complex repeat surgeries. This clinical trial aims to evaluate whether using antiseptic washes and placing antibiotics directly into the surgical wound can reduce infections requiring reoperation after hip or knee replacements. Participants undergoing primary or aseptic revision total joint replacements will be randomly assigned to one of six groups. These groups receive different combinations of antiseptic lavage solutions—povidone-iodine, chlorhexidine gluconate, or saline—and may also receive topical vancomycin antibiotic applied directly to the joint wound before closure. The antiseptic solution is poured into the surgical site and left for 3 minutes before removal. The study compares infection rates across these treatment combinations. During the year following surgery, participants will be monitored for infections that require reoperation or antibiotic treatment. Researchers will track the number of infections in each group to assess if the treatments reduce infection risk. The study includes regular follow-ups and evaluations of surgical site infections to determine outcomes and ensure participant safety over the 12-month period after joint replacement surgery.

Infection Prophylaxis in Total Joint Replacement