Use of intravesical valrubicin in clinical practice for treatment of nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer, including carcinoma in situ of the bladder.
Michael S Cookson, Sam S Chang, Christine Lihou...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25276228/Actively Recruiting
Led by Michael A. O'Donnell · Updated on 2026-04-17
174
Participants Needed
1
Research Sites
N/A
Total Duration
Researchers are evaluating whether a combination of two chemotherapy drugs, Gemcitabine and Docetaxel, can treat adults with high-grade non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer HG-NMIBC that has not responded to conventional BCG therapy. This study aims to see if this drug combination, given directly into the bladder, can prevent the cancer from returning and provide long-term protection, while also assessing the safety of this treatment. The goal is to find a bladder-sparing alternative to bladder removal surgery for these patients. Participants receive weekly bladder treatments of Gemcitabine followed immediately by Docetaxel for six weeks during the initial induction phase. If the cancer responds, they continue with monthly maintenance treatments for up to two years. Treatments are delivered directly into the bladder via catheter and each drug is held in the bladder for about 60 minutes. The study includes two groups one with carcinoma in situ CIS and another with high-grade papillary tumors without CIS. During the study, participants undergo screening including tumor removal and imaging tests. They attend regular check-ups that include bladder exams, urine tests, and biopsies. Quality of life surveys are optional. If cancer returns early, a second six-week treatment cycle may be given. Participants are followed for up to five years to monitor long-term outcomes, treatment safety, and cancer recurrence or progression.
CONDITIONS
Intravesical GEM/DOCE for HR BCG-Unresponsive NMIBC
D
Denise Juhr, BS
M
Mohamad Abou Chakra, MD
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Michael A. O'Donnell
Lead Sponsor
This table compares participation in this trial with other options available for this condition. The information is drawn from published research and the trial’s study details and is provided for educational purposes only.
| Factors | Sequential intravesical gemcitabine plus docetaxel (Regimen A) | Sequential intravesical gemcitabine plus docetaxel (Regimen B) | Radical cystectomy (current guideline-recommended care) |
|---|---|---|---|
| What it is | A sequential intravesical chemotherapy regimen where gemcitabine is followed by docetaxel, instilled into the bladder to treat BCG-unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. | An alternative experimental intravesical regimen using sequential gemcitabine and docetaxel for BCG-unresponsive NMIBC (differing in technique or schedule; details not demarcated in registry). | Surgical removal of the entire bladder, recommended as the definitive treatment for high-risk BCG-unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. |
| Role in trial | Investigational therapy; participants enrolled in Arm A receive this regimen for efficacy and tolerability assessment. | Investigational therapy; participants in Arm B receive a second regimen variation being studied for similar outcomes. | Not a study arm in this trial, but serves as the current clinical benchmark for patients with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC. |
| Primary use | Designed as a bladder-preserving strategy to treat high-risk NMIBC that has not responded to BCG, aiming to achieve disease control without removing the bladder. | Also intended for organ preservation in BCG-unresponsive NMIBC, with assessment of efficacy and safety versus standard surgical outcomes. | Surgical cure for BCG-unresponsive NMIBC, by fully removing the bladder to prevent progression or recurrence. |
| How it is given or performed | Gemcitabine (1000 mg) is first instilled into the bladder and retained for 1 hour, followed by immediate instillation of docetaxel (37 mg) also retained for 1 hour, using a urethral catheter, with weekly induction for 6 weeks and monthly maintenance for up to 24 months. | Sequential instillation of gemcitabine and docetaxel delivered intravesically, using a regimen that may vary by dosage or dwell time technique as detailed locally; full procedural differences between arms not specified in registry. | A major surgical procedure involving removal of the entire bladder under general anesthesia, requiring a hospital stay and establishing a urinary diversion (e.g., ileal conduit, neobladder). |
| Evidence status | Early studies and multi-center case series suggest sequential gemcitabine/docetaxel is associated with durable responses and bladder preservation in many patients, but no large, randomized trials have established definitive long-term survival benefits. | Evidence is similar to Arm A; available studies describe positive outcomes for various instillation techniques, but high-level evidence directly comparing regimen variations is limited. | Long-established treatment, with robust evidence supporting its effectiveness in preventing NMIBC progression and cancer-specific death for BCG-unresponsive disease. |
| Important limitations | Effectiveness is less proven than cystectomy, and published studies show a risk of disease recurrence or progression; local bladder irritation and rare systemic effects can occur. | Has similar challenges: durability of response is less certain than with cystectomy, and technical factors or incomplete response may require switching to surgery. | Major surgery carries a risk of significant complications including infection, bleeding, and quality-of-life changes due to urinary diversion; not all patients are surgical candidates. |
Disclaimer: This comparison is created with the help of artificial intelligence(AI) and may contain errors or missing information. It is not medical advice and does not mean one option is better or safer than another. Clinical trials are still being studied, and joining a trial is your choice. Please consult your healthcare professional before making any decisions.
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Duration - 2 to 4 weeks
Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial.
1 visit (in-person)
Duration - Up to 24 months
Participants receive intravesical Gemcitabine followed by Docetaxel once weekly for 6 weeks during the induction phase, then once monthly for up to 24 months during the maintenance phase.
Weekly visits for 6 weeks, then monthly visits for up to 24 months
Duration - Up to 5 years
Participants are followed for up to 5 years to assess long-term outcomes including cancer recurrence, survival, and quality of life.
Periodic visits with key evaluations at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, and 60 months
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Masking
NONE
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Model
PARALLEL
Primary Purpose
TREATMENT
Number of Arms
2
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18675501/Michael A. O'Donnell
Lead Sponsor