Study of Iron Absorption and Losses in Young South African Women With and Without Overweight or Obesity

What this Trial Is About

Young women living with overweight OW or obesity OB face a higher risk of iron deficiency and anemia due to factors like inadequate dietary iron intake, poor iron bioavailability, and iron losses from menstruation and the gastrointestinal tract. This research evaluates iron absorption and losses over a long period in young South African women living with and without OW or OB. It also studies iron and inflammation status and dietary iron intake as important secondary outcomes. The study is a longitudinal interventional trial with two phases. In phase 1, 70 healthy, mildly- and non-anemic women receive a single test drink containing a 15 mg dose of isotopically labelled ferrous sulfate with ascorbic acid. Iron absorption is measured by the incorporation of the isotope into red blood cells 14 days later. After a one-year equilibration period with monthly health checks and periodic assessments, phase 2 begins with screening and an antihelminthic dose. During phase 2, participants attend four visits over six months for blood samples, dietary recalls, and iron and inflammation assessments, with additional hormonal and inflammatory testing for some participants at specific menstrual cycle phases. Participants are involved in regular health monitoring, including weight, hemoglobin, and pregnancy tests. Researchers collect blood samples at multiple visits to analyze iron absorption, losses, balance, and status, as well as inflammation markers. Dietary intake is tracked through recalls, and body composition and anthropometric measures are recorded. The study includes detailed menstrual cycle tracking for eligible participants. Outcomes focus on iron absorption and losses, with safety and health monitored throughout, and total participation spans over one year and six months during the two study phases.

Iron Absorption and Losses in Young South African Women Living Without and With Overweight and Obesity