Saumur

Researchers are studying cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome CHS, a condition causing severe abdominal pain and vomiting in people who use cannabis regularly. This syndrome is hard to diagnose and often leads to repeated emergency room visits. The study aims to estimate how common CHS is among patients visiting adult emergency departments in Maine et Loire with abdominal pain or vomiting. It is a prospective, observational study involving multiple centers. The study includes patients aged 18 to 65 who visit an emergency department for abdominal pain or vomiting for the first time during the study period. Those who report using cannabis at least once a week for more than six months complete a questionnaire either online or on paper while in the emergency room. Patients identified with CHS will be followed up by telephone three months later to track symptom changes, recurrences, treatments, and cannabis use. Participants complete questionnaires during their emergency visit, providing information about their symptoms and cannabis use. For those with CHS, follow-up calls occur three months later to assess their health and treatment outcomes. Researchers will measure the number of patients diagnosed with CHS, their age and gender distribution, clinical features, cannabis use patterns, hospital treatments, and recurrence of symptoms. The study lasts 15 months, with a 12-month inclusion period and a 3-month follow-up for CHS patients.

Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms MPNs are blood disorders characterized by excessive production of mature myeloid cells due to mutations in JAK2, CALR, or MPL genes. These mutations activate the JAK-STAT pathway leading to cell proliferation. This study investigates the role of monocytes and macrophages, important immune cells, in the development and diversity of MPNs, aiming to better understand disease mechanisms and identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets, with a focus on subtypes like polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and myelofibrosis. The study evaluates monocyte signatures from peripheral blood samples using surface marker expression, cytokine profiles, and gene expression. Participants diagnosed with MPN subtypes will have samples collected at diagnosis to analyze these immune cells. This diagnostic study does not involve treatment but focuses on detailed characterization of monocytes linked to disease features. It is conducted as a single-group interventional study primarily for diagnostic purposes. Participants will provide blood samples at the start of the study, with follow-up assessments planned up to 24 months to correlate monocyte characteristics with genetic mutations, fibrosis grade, and disease progression. Researchers will measure outcomes such as diagnosis accuracy, prognostic value of monocyte signatures, and survival free from leukemia or myelofibrosis. The study involves ongoing monitoring and data collection to understand monocyte roles in disease evolution.