Kabupaten Sukoharjo

Researchers are evaluating the effects of once-daily versus twice-daily dosing of ramipril on kidney function in patients who have chronic kidney disease (CKD) along with heart failure characterized by reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). This condition involves harmful activation of certain hormones, inflammation, oxidative stress, and worsening kidney damage. Ramipril, a medication that inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), is commonly used to treat these patients, but there is uncertainty about whether once-daily or twice-daily dosing is better for controlling these issues and improving patient outcomes. In this phase 4 randomized, double-blind, parallel study, participants receive ramipril either as 10 mg once daily or 5 mg twice daily for a total of 30 days. The study compares these two dosing schedules to see how they affect various markers related to kidney and heart health. These markers include plasma renin activity, malondialdehyde (a marker of oxidative stress), interleukin-6 (a marker of inflammation), albuminuria (protein in the urine), and cystatin C (a marker of kidney function). During the 30-day treatment period, participants have these markers measured to assess changes in their kidney function and related biological processes. The study monitors the effects of the medication on these biomarkers to better understand how dosing frequency may influence treatment effectiveness. Safety and adherence are also likely tracked during this time to ensure participant well-being and reliable results.