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Researchers are evaluating a new form of hormone therapy called ASP5541 for men with advanced prostate cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. This phase 2 study compares ASP5541 given by injection with the standard abiraterone acetate tablets, both combined with a steroid called prednisone or prednisolone. The study aims to assess how well ASP5541 works and its safety in men who have not previously been treated with androgen receptor pathway inhibitors, including specific evaluation in Japanese men. Participants are divided into three groups based on their cancer type and treatment history. ASP5541 is given as a muscle injection every 12 weeks, while abiraterone acetate is taken as a daily tablet. Men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer take prednisone or prednisolone twice daily, and men with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer take it once daily. All groups also receive standard care such as androgen deprivation therapy. Some participants will monitor blood pressure at home weekly. During the study, men visit the clinic regularly for health checks, safety monitoring, and scans to observe any changes in their cancer. The frequency and type of visits depend on each participants health and treatment stage. Researchers will measure prostate-specific antigen PSA levels, adverse events, physical exams, ECGs, and performance status to evaluate treatment effects and safety. The study may last up to about 3 years for some outcomes, with longer follow-up for certain measures.

Researchers are evaluating overall survival in men with chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. This phase 3 study compares the combination of xaluritamig plus abiraterone with the investigators choice of treatment, which includes docetaxel, cabazitaxel, or abiraterone. The trial aims to assess which approach may affect survival outcomes in this patient population. Participants are assigned randomly to one of two groups. One group receives xaluritamig administered intravenously combined with oral abiraterone acetate daily. The other group receives the investigators choice of treatment oral abiraterone acetate daily, intravenous docetaxel every three weeks, or intravenous cabazitaxel every three weeks. Treatment continues with regular monitoring throughout the study. During the study, participants undergo various assessments including imaging scans and laboratory tests to track disease progression and response. Patient-reported outcomes on pain and quality of life are collected using standardized questionnaires. Researchers monitor adverse events and measure multiple outcomes such as progression-free survival, response rates, and prostate-specific antigen levels for up to approximately 51 months. The total study duration extends until August 2032.

Researchers are evaluating whether adding sacituzumab tirumotecan to pembrolizumab after surgery improves treatment outcomes for adults with resectable non-small cell lung cancer NSCLC who do not achieve a complete response after initial therapy. This Phase 3 trial compares the combination of sacituzumab tirumotecan plus pembrolizumab against pembrolizumab alone, focusing on disease-free survival assessed by a blinded independent central review. The study is sponsored by Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC and targets participants with specific stages of NSCLC who have undergone neoadjuvant therapy and surgery but still have residual disease. Participants first receive neoadjuvant therapy consisting of pembrolizumab combined with double-platinum chemotherapy tailored to the tumor type for up to 12 weeks before surgery. After surgery, those not achieving pathological complete response are assigned to either receive sacituzumab tirumotecan infusions every two weeks for up to 24 weeks alongside pembrolizumab monotherapy every six weeks for approximately 42 weeks, or pembrolizumab monotherapy alone on the same schedule. Rescue medications to manage infusion reactions may be given as needed during the study. Throughout the trial, participants undergo assessments including radiological scans, tumor tissue analysis for markers like PD-L1 and TROP2, and monitoring for adverse events and quality of life changes. Key outcomes include disease-free survival, overall survival, distant metastasis-free survival, and lung cancer-specific survival, with evaluations continuing for up to nearly 10 years. Safety and tolerability are closely monitored, and questionnaires assess physical functioning, symptoms like cough and chest pain, and overall health status during and after treatment.

Researchers are evaluating BMS-986365 compared to the investigators choice of therapy in men with Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer. This phase 3, randomized trial aims to assess how well BMS-986365 works and how safe it is, focusing on radiographic progression-free survival. The study includes participants who have previously been treated with androgen receptor pathway inhibitors and have metastatic prostate cancer confirmed by imaging. Participants are randomized into groups receiving either one of two dose levels of BMS-986365 or an active comparator treatment chosen by the investigator, which includes either Docetaxel plus PrednisonePrednisolone or Enzalutamide or Abiraterone plus PrednisonePrednisolone. The study has two parts Part 1 compares the different doses and comparator arms, while Part 2 focuses on the selected BMS-986365 dose versus the investigators choice. Dosing schedules are specified but not detailed here. During the study, participants undergo regular assessments including imaging scans to evaluate cancer progression, pain and symptom questionnaires, blood tests, electrocardiograms, and monitoring for adverse events. Outcomes measured include progression-free survival, overall survival, response rates, pain progression, and quality of life changes. The study may last up to 4 years, with ongoing safety and efficacy evaluations throughout this time.

Researchers are conducting an observational study to assess patient satisfaction, effectiveness, and safety of subcutaneous Atezolizumab treatment in people with certain types of lung cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. The study focuses on participants treated for approved indications in routine clinical practice across multiple countries and centers. It collects primary data on patient-reported outcomes and clinical effectiveness in real-world settings. Participants receive Atezolizumab as prescribed by their doctors for conditions including early-stage non-small cell lung cancer NSCLC after surgery and chemotherapy, metastatic NSCLC, extensive-stage small cell lung cancer ES-SCLC, and advanced or unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma HCC. Atezolizumab administration is at the physicians discretion and is independent of study participation. The study includes several cohorts based on cancer type and stage. During the study, participants report treatment satisfaction using the Therapy Administration Satisfaction Questionnaire Subcutaneous TASQ-SC at cycles 2 and 3, each lasting 3 weeks. Researchers also evaluate overall survival up to about 3.5 years, quality of life with the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire, and record adverse events during the same period. The study aims to monitor patient experience, clinical outcomes, and safety over the long term, with participation lasting several years.

Researchers are evaluating whether combining the investigational drug PF-06821497 with enzalutamide works better than enzalutamide alone in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer mCRPC who have not yet received certain advanced anti-cancer treatments. This global, multicenter, randomized Phase 3 study focuses on participants who have not been treated with androgen receptor signaling inhibitors like enzalutamide or abiraterone before, except for androgen deprivation therapy or first-generation anti-androgen agents. The study is sponsored by Pfizer and aims to assess treatment effects in this patient population. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups one group will receive PF-06821497 875 mg twice daily combined with enzalutamide 160 mg once daily, while the other will receive a placebo twice daily plus enzalutamide 160 mg once daily. The study includes several phases screening, randomization, treatment, safety follow-up, and long-term follow-up. Treatment continues over a period of up to approximately three years for primary outcomes, with ongoing assessments for up to five years for some secondary outcomes. During the study, participants will undergo various assessments including scans to monitor disease progression, blood tests to measure prostate-specific antigen levels and circulating tumor DNA, patient-reported pain and quality of life questionnaires, and evaluations of adverse events. The primary outcome is radiographic progression-free survival measured from randomization up to about three years. Safety and long-term effects will be monitored through follow-up visits lasting up to five years. Participants will be followed closely throughout the study duration to track treatment impact and side effects.

Researchers are conducting a Phase III international trial to study the effects and safety of androgen deprivation therapy ADT with or without darolutamide in men newly diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer who have vulnerable functional abilities. This study specifically includes patients who have not chosen treatment with docetaxel or other androgen receptor pathway inhibitors. The goal is to evaluate how these treatments impact disease progression and patient health over time. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups one receiving ADT plus darolutamide 600 mg taken orally twice daily, and the other receiving ADT plus a placebo taken with the same schedule. Treatment will continue until imaging shows disease progression or until the patient or doctor decides to stop for reasons such as side effects or other health issues. After stopping treatment, patients will enter a follow-up phase lasting up to 10 years to monitor survival, further treatments, and any ongoing or new side effects. During the study, participants will undergo regular assessments including imaging scans to check for cancer progression, blood tests, evaluations of urinary symptoms, and quality of life questionnaires. Researchers will track outcomes like progression-free survival, overall survival, symptom changes, and adverse events. Monitoring visits will occur periodically both during treatment and follow-up to gather comprehensive data on health status and treatment effects.

The GLIOMAID project focuses on improving diagnosis and management of brain tumors called gliomas using Artificial Intelligence AI. Gliomas, especially high-grade types, are common and challenging brain tumors with poor survival rates, often requiring invasive biopsies. This study aims to create AI tools that analyze MRI scans and patient data to help doctors detect tumors earlier, understand their severity, and plan better treatments without invasive procedures. The study collects existing clinical and MRI data from about 700 adult glioma patients aged 18 to 60, treated between 2019 and 2024 at seven neurosurgery centers in Italy. It uses AI algorithms to analyze these retrospective records to develop models for early tumor detection, automated tumor mapping on MRI images, and non-invasive tumor characterization. No new treatments or interventions are given during the study. Participants data includes pre- and post-operative MRI scans and clinical information such as diagnosis, treatment history, and outcomes. All data is anonymized and securely stored. Researchers evaluate the accuracy of AI models in detecting and classifying gliomas compared to expert reviews and histological diagnoses. The study aims to support faster, more accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment planning while reducing the need for invasive biopsies.

Researchers are evaluating the combination of JSB462 luxdegalutamide with abiraterone compared to an androgen receptor pathway inhibitor ARPI, which includes abiraterone or enzalutamide, in adult males with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer mHSPC. This Phase II study aims to assess the effectiveness and safety of two doses of JSB462 100 mg and 300 mg daily combined with abiraterone and to select the recommended dose for future Phase III trials. The study will analyze overall treatment response, safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics. Participants will undergo a screening period of 28 days before starting treatment. During treatment, they will receive daily oral doses of JSB462 at either 100 mg or 300 mg combined with abiraterone 1000 mg, or they will receive abiraterone 1000 mg or enzalutamide 160 mg alone. Treatment continues until disease progression, unacceptable side effects, death, or decision by the participant or investigator. After treatment ends, there is a 30-day safety follow-up visit, followed by a long-term follow-up period to collect ongoing safety, efficacy, and survival information until the study concludes. Throughout the study, participants will have regular assessments including prostate-specific antigen PSA levels, imaging scans, adverse event monitoring, dose adjustments, and pharmacokinetic sampling. Patient-reported outcomes and various survival and response rates will be evaluated up to approximately 83 months. Safety follow-up visits occur about 30 days after treatment stops, and long-term monitoring continues until the studys end, ensuring comprehensive data collection on treatment effects and participant well-being.

Researchers are investigating the use of argon gas mixed with oxygen as a treatment to reduce neurological and heart damage after cardiac arrest outside of the hospital. Preclinical studies in animals showed argon may protect cells and improve recovery following low oxygen events. The CardioPulmonary Resuscitation with Argon CPAr trial began as a phase I-II safety study and is now continuing as a phase II trial to evaluate argons effect on brain injury after cardiac arrest. In this randomized, controlled, single-blind study, patients who have been resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest will receive ventilation with either a mixture of 70% argon and 30% oxygen or standard ventilation with 30% oxygen for four hours. Both groups will be treated according to established European resuscitation and intensive care guidelines. The study treatment lasts four hours, followed by monitoring over a six-month period to assess safety and clinical outcomes. Participants will be closely monitored during and after treatment with assessments including neurological function, heart function, brain injury markers, survival rates up to six months, and multiorgan function. Safety will be evaluated by recording any adverse events within one month. The main outcome focuses on neuronal preservation measured 48 hours after treatment. This comprehensive follow-up aims to understand argons potential impact on recovery after cardiac arrest over both the short and long term.