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Researchers are evaluating luspatercept treatment in adults with transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia in the Middle East. This observational study aims to understand real-world use and outcomes of luspatercept, a drug given according to its product label, in people aged 18 and older who require regular blood transfusions due to beta-thalassemia. Participants in this study have started luspatercept treatment within the past 12 months and continue therapy as prescribed in routine care. The study collects data retrospectively and prospectively, observing changes in transfusion needs, pre-transfusion hemoglobin levels, and iron levels up to 144 weeks. Researchers also monitor transfusion-related visits, treatment duration, dose modifications, medical encounters, and reasons for treatment changes. During the study, participants medical records are reviewed to assess transfusion burden, hemoglobin levels, iron chelation therapy, hospital visits, and other health outcomes. The study tracks long-term treatment patterns and safety events while collecting demographic and disease information. Participation involves ongoing treatment with luspatercept and regular data collection through week 144 to understand treatment effects and patient experience over time.