Buraydah

This research focuses on treating chronic oroantral fistulas (COAF), which are abnormal connections between the oral cavity and the maxillary sinus that tend to recur. The study aims to evaluate a new surgical method using a hinge flap to strengthen the buccal advancement flap for closing COAFs located in the most posterior part of the upper jaw. The trial compares this technique to the traditional palatal flap method, addressing challenges related to flap blood supply and tissue strength in this area. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the hinge flap group or the palatal flap group. The hinge flap involves making a circular incision around the oral side of the fistula to close the sinus membrane and act as an extra reinforcing layer for the buccal advancement flap. The palatal flap procedure includes making two parallel incisions on the palate, connecting them, and repositioning the flap over the fistula while managing blood vessels to enable lateral movement. Both methods aim to close the fistula effectively. During the study, researchers will measure the duration of surgery, any difficulties encountered during the procedure, and the recurrence of the fistula four months after surgery. Participants will be monitored for postoperative complications and overall success rates. The trial is double-blinded, meaning patients and evaluators are unaware of the group assignments to ensure unbiased results. The study includes adult patients with chronic oroantral fistulas in the designated area who are medically healthy.

Researchers are studying the real-world effectiveness of pegcetacoplan in patients with Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH). This long-term, multicenter observational study aims to fill knowledge gaps about how pegcetacoplan works in routine medical practice. It also seeks to provide important information on red blood cell transfusions and healthcare resource use before and after starting pegcetacoplan treatment. Patients who have started pegcetacoplan treatment within the last 12 months or are prescribed it at enrollment will be followed for approximately 36 months. The study will collect both retrospective data from up to 12 months before treatment start and prospective data during treatment, with a total data collection period of up to about 48 months. After stopping pegcetacoplan, patients will remain in the study for 8 weeks to monitor for any adverse events. Participants will attend their usual medical visits, and data from these visits will be collected, including effectiveness measures, safety reports, patient- and clinician-reported outcomes, and healthcare use. The primary outcome includes changes in hemoglobin levels over 6 months from the start of pegcetacoplan treatment. The study plans to enroll about 200 patients across multiple countries, and data collection includes both retrospective and prospective periods, capturing comprehensive information on pegcetacoplan use in real-world settings.

This research aims to compare the effectiveness of two different volumes of buccal infiltration of Articaine for the extraction of mandibular posterior teeth. The study addresses the challenges and complications associated with the commonly used inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) technique, such as pain during injection and nerve-related issues. Local infiltration with Articaine, known for its strong and deep-penetrating anesthetic properties, is being evaluated as a potentially safer and less painful alternative for dental extractions in this region. Participants are randomly assigned to receive either 1.8 ml or 3.6 ml of 4% Articaine via buccal infiltration before their mandibular posterior tooth extraction. The study involves a straightforward comparison of these two dosages administered through the infiltration technique. Both treatment groups undergo the same procedure of anesthetic injection followed by tooth extraction. During the study, researchers will assess the intensity and presence of pain from the moment the mucoperiosteum is reflected until the tooth is removed from the socket. They will also measure the time it takes for anesthesia to begin, up to 10 minutes after the injection. These outcomes will help determine which volume of Articaine provides better pain control and onset of numbness for this dental procedure.

Researchers are investigating different dosing methods of colistin, an antibiotic used to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. These infections, especially common in critically ill patients in intensive care units (ICUs) in Saudi Arabia, are a growing health threat. The study aims to compare the effectiveness and safety of two colistin dosing strategies, focusing on obese and non-obese critically ill patients. Participants will receive colistin through one of two dosing strategies. The EMA dosing group will get colistin intravenously based on kidney function, starting with a fixed loading dose followed by maintenance doses every 12 hours. The US FDA dosing group will receive colistin based on body weight, with a loading dose calculated by multiplying the patient’s weight in kilograms by four. Both dosing methods are administered intravenously under close clinical management. During the study, researchers will monitor patients for clinical improvement and bacterial infection clearance 14 days after starting colistin treatment. They will assess treatment success and watch for side effects such as kidney damage and neurotoxicity. Patients admitted to ICUs and treated with colistin will be carefully evaluated throughout the study to determine which dosing strategy offers better efficacy and safety.

Relief from pain is considered a fundamental human right, yet current treatments often fall short due to the complex nature of pain. This research evaluates how well the Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block works in managing pain for women undergoing cesarean sections. The study is designed as a cross-sectional, multi-center trial conducted across various government hospitals to improve pain management methods. Participants in the study will receive the TAP block procedure, an ultrasound-guided injection aimed at reducing postoperative pain after cesarean delivery. This approach is compared against the standard pain relief methods typically used after surgery. The study includes elective, emergent, and urgent cesarean cases, focusing on women between 20 and 50 years old. During the study, researchers will measure pain levels 24 hours after surgery using a numeric rating scale. Participants' weight and understanding of the pain scale are monitored to ensure accurate assessment. The overall goal is to determine if the TAP block provides effective pain relief following cesarean delivery, helping guide future pain management practices.

Researchers are evaluating a school-based digital wellbeing intervention aimed at improving digital literacy, technology use behaviors, and psychosocial wellbeing among high school students in Saudi Arabia. The study focuses on concerns about internet addiction and its impact on adolescent mental health and overall wellbeing. It uses a cluster randomized controlled trial design to compare the effects of the student curriculum alone versus the curriculum combined with a parent engagement component. The interventions include the Digital Wellbeing Unit embedded in the national Digital Citizenship Curriculum delivered by classroom teachers over about one month during the academic term. One study group receives this usual treatment, while the other group receives the same curriculum plus a WhatsApp-based intervention for parents, which sends daily messages, infographics, and short expert videos to support healthy digital habits and parent-child communication. Teachers in both groups complete a brief online training before delivering the curriculum. Approximately 2,500 students from 20 high schools across Qassim and Riyadh regions will complete surveys before and after the intervention to assess digital media habits, wellbeing, and communication. Parents in the enhanced group will also complete surveys to measure engagement and parenting practices. Teacher surveys will assess motivation, self-efficacy, and delivery fidelity. The primary outcome is the amount of weekday leisure screen-time assessed by survey at baseline, pre-intervention, and one month post-intervention. The study will provide evidence to inform national digital wellbeing policies and scalable youth behavioral health programs.

This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a combined single-step functional sinus endoscopy and transoral surgery approach for treating maxillary sinusitis caused by dental or dento-alveolar diseases, known as odontogenic maxillary sinusitis (OMS). OMS requires different treatment than other types of sinusitis due to its unique causes, and there is currently no agreement among specialists on the best treatment method or which specialists should be involved. This study focuses on an integrated therapy involving both otolaryngologists and oral/maxillofacial surgeons to manage OMS. The study involves three intervention groups: one group receives both functional sinus endoscopy (FSE) and transoral surgery performed by a team of an otorhinolaryngologist and a maxillofacial surgeon under general anesthesia. The FSE includes removing the uncinate process, dilating the sinus ostium, and cleaning the sinus cavity, while the transoral surgery may involve tooth extraction, closure of oro-antral fistula, or cyst removal. Another group receives only FSE conducted by an otolaryngologist, and the third group receives only transoral surgery performed by oral and maxillofacial surgeons with possible tooth extraction or cyst removal. Participants will be assessed through clinical, radiographic, and endoscopic data. The main outcomes measured include the thickness of the sinus mucosa at two weeks, one month, and three months after treatment. The study will monitor the effectiveness and healing progress of the sinus after the interventions. The total duration and follow-up assessments are structured to evaluate short- and medium-term results of the treatment methods.