Alfara Del Patriarca

This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of erythritol powder air polishers, known for their antimicrobial properties, in preventing the recurrence of black stains on teeth caused by chromogenic microorganisms. These stains are more common in children, affect dental appearance, and impact self-esteem. Currently, no treatment prevents their return, and removal by mechanical methods can damage tooth enamel. The study is a randomized clinical trial designed to improve treatment approaches for dental black stains. Participants will receive either dental prophylaxis using ultrasonic treatment or dental prophylaxis with erythritol air polishing. Both treatments are applied to patients with dental black stains to compare their effectiveness in preventing stain recurrence. The trial includes a 12-month follow-up period to monitor outcomes, including patient satisfaction and treatment duration. During the study, researchers will assess the recurrence of dental black stains at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after treatment. Patient satisfaction will be evaluated immediately after the intervention. The trial involves regular dental check-ups and monitoring to gather data on the treatments effects and any changes in tooth stains, aiming to support emotional well-being and protect tooth enamel over time.

Fear of childbirth affects women of all ages and ranges from mild worry to severe anxiety, often linked to the perception of childbirth as unpredictable and painful. This trial evaluates an online pain neuroscience education program aimed at reducing fear of childbirth by teaching the neurobiological mechanisms behind pain. The study compares this approach to standard prenatal education to understand its impact on anxiety and confidence in pregnant women. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups. The intervention group receives 12 audiovisual lessons of pain neuroscience education adapted specifically for pregnant women, each lasting 10 to 15 minutes. These lessons focus on reshaping beliefs about pain, explaining its biological and protective role, and offering techniques to reduce fear of movement. The comparison group receives 12 sessions of standard prenatal education covering general pregnancy information and specific advice for pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain, each session lasting about 10 minutes. During the study, pregnant women will complete assessments measuring fear of childbirth, pain catastrophizing, anxiety, and depression after 4 weeks. The study involves monitoring these psychological outcomes to evaluate the effect of the educational programs. Participation includes completing educational sessions online and providing feedback through questionnaires. The trial is expected to run until September 2026, with a focus on improving emotional well-being during pregnancy.