Vila Real

Researchers are evaluating the long-term effects of focused extracorporeal shock wave therapy fESWT on muscle spasticity in stroke patients, specifically targeting the spastic equinus foot condition. This study compares whether three sessions of fESWT improve spasticity and functionality for a longer period than a single session. Spasticity is a common and disabling complication after stroke, affecting many globally, and this trial aims to clarify the best approach for treatment duration and effect. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups one receiving a single session of fESWT, and the other receiving three weekly sessions over three consecutive weeks. The therapy is delivered using a specialized device targeting muscle bellies of the gastrocnemius medial and lateral and soleus, located by ultrasound guidance. The study measures primary and secondary outcomes before treatment and at multiple follow-up points up to 48 weeks after the last session. During the study, participants will be assessed on muscle tone using the Modified Ashworth Scale and other functional and quality of life measures such as ankle motion range, mobility tests, spasm frequency, and stroke quality of life scales. Evaluations occur before treatment and at 1, 4, 8, 12, 20, 24, 36, and 48 weeks afterward. Researchers will monitor adverse events throughout the study, which involves 60 stroke patients with spastic equinus foot who can walk independently or with aids.