Miaoli City

Researchers are studying how opioids and sedative drugs affect brain activity and pain responses during anesthesia in patients undergoing Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). This study focuses on measuring brain waves and pain signals using the Patient State Index (PSI), electroencephalogram (EEG), and Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) to understand drug effects on sedation and analgesia. The interaction between opioids and sedatives is important for managing anesthesia and avoiding overdose. The study involves administering two different drug regimens using target-controlled infusion (TCI): a high dose of alfentanil with propofol, and a low dose of alfentanil with propofol. Doses are adjusted based on the PSI target range of 25-50, with specific protocols for increasing or decreasing the doses of alfentanil and propofol to achieve the desired sedation level. Alfentanil doses range from 0 to 50 ng/mL and propofol doses range from 0 to 5 ug/mL. Participants will undergo monitoring of brain waves and pain signals before and during anesthesia using EEG and ANI devices. Researchers will record and analyze EEG alpha, beta, and delta power ratios, as well as the patient’s PSI at baseline and throughout the procedure. This data helps evaluate how the drugs affect brain and autonomic nervous system activity. Safety and sedation depth will be closely watched during the procedure, which takes place during the ERCP anesthesia period.